Hormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy

“If you do not have a uterus,
you can take estrogen alone,
without a progestogen”.1

Umbrella

What may the Hormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Estrogen Alone
  • Estrogen Therapy (ET)
  • Estrogen-Alone HRT/MHT
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  • Hormone Therapy (HT)
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
  • Oestrogen-Only HRT
  • Oestrogen-Only Therapy/Oestrogen Only Therapy
  • Systemic ET

Estrogen

What is estrogen?

On page four in Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 2. What Is MHT? the International Menopause Society’s (IMS) Leaflet for Women for World Menopause Day 2024, the IMS explain:

  • “Estrogen: The main hormone used in MHT. It helps reduce hot flushes, night sweats, and vaginal dryness”.2

Hormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy

No UterusHormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy

Who may choose to use estrogen therapy (ET)?

On page two in Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Estrogen Alone or Estrogen Plus Progestogen, published July 2022, the (United States) Menopause Society (formerly the North American Menopause Society) note:

“If you do not have a uterus, you can take estrogen alone, without a progestogen”.3

On page one in HRT: Which HRT? Oestrogen Alone, published November 2021, the (British) Women’s Health Concern elaborate on:

“The core ingredient of all forms of HRT is oestrogen. Oestrogen relieves hot flushes and the other menopausal symptoms and maintains bone strength. This is suitable for women who have had a total hysterectomy, where the whole womb including its neck (cervix) has been removed. Oestrogen alone can be taken as a daily tablet, a weekly or twice weekly patch, a daily gel or an implant. Varying doses of oestrogen are available”.4

Formulations and Options

What are some ET formulations and options?

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – MHT Formulations and Options: Estrogen Therapy, published online 30 October 2023, the authors elaborate on:

“Estrogen can be used systemically as oral conjugated equine estrogen, estradiol valerate, estrone sulfate or micronized estradiol; transdermal estradiol (patches, gels, spray); a vaginal estradiol ring; and implanted estradiol pellets (mostly not regulator-approved). Vaginal pessaries and creams are used to treat urogenital symptoms”.5

Venous Thromboembolic Disease

What is the association between venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) and ET?

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: Menopausal Hormone Therapy the authors include:

  • “Oral estrogen is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE), although the absolute risk is small for women aged <60 years. The risk is lower/not at all with transdermal estradiol, which is preferred for women at increased risk of VTE (i.e. smokers, obese women and diabetic women)”.6

Health Care Provider

If I choose to use ET what are my risks?

Different women who choose to use ET can have different risks. It may therefore be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

If I choose to use estrogen plus progestogen (EPT) what are my risks?

Different women who choose to use EPT can have different risks. It may therefore be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

On page two in the Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause first published online 10 June 2022, one of the recommendations is:

  • “The decision whether to take HRT, the dose and duration of its use should be made on an individualised basis after discussing the benefits and risks with each patient. This should be considered in the context of the overall benefits obtained from using HRT including symptom control and improving quality of life as well as considering the bone and cardiovascular benefits associated with HRT use”.7

In Hormone Therapy: Is Hormone Therapy Safe? the Menopause Society explain:

“You and your healthcare professional need to balance your individual benefits and risks based on your medical history. For example, if you don’t have a uterus and can take ET alone, your risks are different from those women who still have a uterus and must use EPT to protect against uterine cancer”.8

On page three in Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 2. Who Is MHT For? Women With Existing Medical Conditions the IMS note:

“Women with certain medical histories such as breast cancer and blood clots should talk to their healthcare professional about whether MHT is safe for them. Deciding to use MHT is a personal choice and should involve discussions about the benefits and risks with a healthcare professional who knows your health history”.9

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy?

In Health Topics A-Z on you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

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Links

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New or Updated

  1. Askearlymenopause.org [Ask EM] [+ Video: What Is Early Menopause?]
  2. BMS & WHC’s 2020 Recommendations on Hormone Replacement Therapy In Menopausal Women
  3. BMS TV: Bioidentical Hormones
  4. BMS TV: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
  5. BMS TV: HRT and Bleeding
  6. BMS TV: HRT and Breast Cancer: Overall Risks and Benefits
  7. BMS TV: HRT and the Risk of Breast Cancer
  8. BMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  9. Bioidentical Hormone Therapy
  10. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  11. Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy [Video]
  12. Consumer Video and Podcast Series: 2022 Consumer Videos and Podcasts – Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
  13. Consumer Video and Podcast Series: 2022 Consumer Videos and Podcasts – Perimenopause, Signs, Symptoms, and Solutions
  14. Consumer Video and Podcast Series: 2023 Consumer Videos and Podcasts – NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  15. Consumer Video and Podcast Series: 2023 Consumer Videos and Podcasts – New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  16. Consumer Video and Podcast Series: 2024 Consumer Videos and Podcasts – Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  17. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  18. EMAS On-Demand Webinars [European Menopause and Andropause Society] [Multiply Languages]: How To Handle the Daily Practice Challenges When Prescribing Oral MHT (EN)
  19. Endometrial Safety of Low-Dose Vaginal Estrogens
  20. Endometrial Safety of Low-Dose Vaginal Estrogens [Video]
  21. Estrogen Dependent Cancers
  22. Estrogen Therapy and Breast Cancer In Randomized Clinical Trials: A Narrative Review
  23. Estrogen: What It Does and 5 Benefits
  24. FAQs: Hormone Therapy for Menopause
  25. Guidance on Menopausal Hormone Therapy [Video]
  26. HRT
  27. HRT & Menopause Extra
  28. HRT Questions Answered
  29. HRT – Types, Doses and Regimens
  30. HRT: Benefits and Risks
  31. Hormone Replacement Therapy
  32. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  33. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Benefits and Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  34. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Oestrogen Tablets, Patches, Gel and Spray
  35. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  36. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Types of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  37. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen
  38. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: About Vaginal Oestrogen
  39. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: Common Questions About Vaginal Oestrogen
  40. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: Side Effects of Vaginal Estrogen
  41. Hormone Therapy
  42. Hormone Therapy: Four Things A Mayo Clinic Women’s Health Specialist Wants You To Know [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network. Name Super/CG: Taryn Smith, M.D./Internal Medicine/Mayo Clinic]
  43. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  44. Hot Flashes
  45. Hot Flashes
  46. How To Find Relief for Hot Flashes At Night
  47. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video]
  48. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  49. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) [+ Video: Is HRT Bad for You?] [Other Languages and Formats]
  50. Management of Perimenopausal and Menopausal Symptoms
  51. Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  52. Mayo Clinic Minute: Lifestyle Changes To Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
  53. Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  54. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk
  55. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Venous Thromboembolism
  56. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Women’s Health: An Umbrella Review
  57. Menopausal Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke
  58. Menopause
  59. Menopause
  60. Menopause
  61. Menopause Hormone Therapy: Does It Cause Vaginal Bleeding?
  62. Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
  63. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Medication Tracker
    Hormone Therapy and Estrogen Therapy
  64. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
  65. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  66. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 3. The Risks & Benefits of HRT
  67. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 4. The Different Types of HRT
  68. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
  69. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
  70. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  71. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
  72. Menopause and HRT
  73. Menopause and HRT: Fact and Fiction
  74. Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
  75. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
  76. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  77. Navigating Menopause: Honest Answers To All Your Questions [+ Video: What To Expect in Menopause]
  78. Need Reliable and Accurate Information About the Menopause and HRT? Watch This!
  79. Ongoing Individualized Hormone Therapy Appears To Have No Age Limit
  80. Randomized Trials of Estrogen-Alone and Breast Cancer Incidence: A Meta-Analysis
  81. Risks and Benefits of MHT
  82. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause
  83. The Menopause Society Statement on Misinformation Surrounding Hormone Therapy
    Menopause
  84. Time for A Balanced Conversation About Menopause
  85. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  86. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  87. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  88. Types of Hormone Therapy
  89. Updated BMS Guidelines on Unscheduled Bleeding on HRT
  90. Vaginal Dryness
  91. Video & Podcast Library: Videos – World Menopause Day 2024: Menopause and Hormone Therapy: Current Perspectives and Controversies [18 October 2024]
  92. Video: Leslie Cho, MD, Discusses CV Risks, Benefits of Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  93. Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Menopause and Hormone Therapy: Current Perspectives and Controversies [18 October 2024]
  94. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – A Simple Approach To Menopause: The Menopause Quick Six (www.MQ6.ca)
  95. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – The Women’s Health Initiative – What Can We Believe?
  96. Webinars: Previous – Non-Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  97. What Are the Benefits and Risks of HRT?
  98. What Does Estrogen Do?
  99. Hormone Therapy and Estrogen TherapyWorld Menopause Day [18 October 2024]: Leaflet for Women [Multiply Languages]
  100. World Menopause Day [18 October 2024]: Poster for Women

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted above?

You may find the Sources at:

Sources

  1. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Estrogen Alone or Estrogen Plus Progestogen. 2022:2. Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 31 October 2024
  2. Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: What Is MHT? October 2024:4. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024-WMD-Leaflet_English.pdf?v=8bcc25c96aa5 Accessed: 31 October 2024
  3. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Estrogen Alone or Estrogen Plus Progestogen. 2022:2. Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 31 October 2024
  4. HRT: Which HRT? Oestrogen Alone. November 2021: 1. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/09-WHC-FACTSHEET-HRT-NOV2022-B.pdf Accessed: 31 October 2024
  5. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – MHT Formulations and Options: Estrogen Therapy. Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 31 October 2024
  6. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: Menopausal Hormone Therapy. Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 31 October 2024
  7. Hamoda, H., Mukherjee, A., Morris, E., Baldeweg, S. E., Jayasena, C. N., Briggs, P., Moger, S. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause. First Published Online 10 June 2022:3-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20533691221104879 Accessed: 31 October 2024
  8. Hormone Therapy: Is Hormone Therapy Safe? Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/hormone-therapy Accessed: 31 October 2024
  9. Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: What Is MHT? October 2024:4. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024-WMD-Leaflet_English.pdf?v=8bcc25c96aa5 Accessed: 31 October 2024
Topic Last Updated: 31 October 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 31 October 2024

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