Menopause

“Menopause is the time that marks the end of
your menstrual cycles. It’s diagnosed after you’ve gone
12 months without a menstrual period”.1

Umbrella
What may the Menopause Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Change of Life
  • Early Menopause
  • Going Through the Menopause
  • Induced Menopause
  • Menopausal/Menopause Transition
  • Menopause
  • Natural Menopause
  • Perimenopause
  • Perimenopause, Menopause and Postmenopause
  • Postmenopause
  • Premature Menopause
  • Second Half of Your Life
  • Surgical Menopause
  • The Change
  • The Change of Life
  • The Menopause Years
  • The Menopause-Related Years
  • The Three Stages of Menopause
  • Turning St Catherine’s Corner

Meaning

What does the word “menopause” mean?

DotS the meaning of the word menopause may vary. The (German) Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care note:

“The word “menopause” might be misleading because it is not a “pause,” but an ending. Women can no longer get pregnant after menopause”.2

The (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health’s (JH) meaning is:

“The word ‘menopause’ comes from the Greek words ‘menos’, meaning month, and ‘pause’, meaning to cease. So, menopause means the ‘monthly’ (the period) stops”.3

Definition

What is menopause?Meno Martha

DotS the definition of menopause may vary. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) and the IMS’s definition is:

“Menopause (natural menopause) – the term natural menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity. Natural menopause is recognized to have occurred after 12 consecutive months of amenorrhea, for which there is no other obvious pathological or physiological cause. Menopause occurs with the final menstrual period (FMP) which is known with certainty only in retrospect a year or more after the event”.4

The North American Menopause Society’s (NAMS) definition is:

“Menopause is a normal, natural event—defined as the final menstrual period and usually confirmed when a woman has missed her periods for 12 consecutive months (in the absence of other obvious causes)”.5

The Australasian Menopause Society’s (AMS) definition is:

“The term “menopause” refers to the final menstrual period”.6

The JH’s definition is:

“Menopause is the final menstrual period. Sometimes you only know you have had your final menstrual period if you have had no period for 12 months, as periods can occur very irregularly leading up to menopause and can happen months apart”.7

The (United States) Mayo Clinic’s definition is:

“Menopause is the time that marks the end of your menstrual cycles. It’s diagnosed after you’ve gone 12 months without a menstrual period”.8

Retrospective

Why is menopause sometimes called ‘retrospective’?

Menopause is sometimes called ‘retrospective’ because menopause is not ‘official’ until at least 12 consecutive months after a woman’s FMP.

Stop. Start…

What if periods stop for a few months then start again?

Each time periods stop for a few months then start again, we have to stop counting then start again, until we reach at least 12 consecutive months or 12 months of uninterrupted counting. The JH explain:

“It can be difficult to know when your period is your last. You might not have a period for some months and have symptoms of menopause, such as hot flushes, sweats, sleep disturbance, dry vagina, crawling feelings under the skin or mood swings. This means you are probably perimenopausal. Menopause has definitely occurred if it has been 12 months since your last period. However, sometimes bleeding stops for other reasons. If you don’t have typical menopausal symptoms, are younger than 45 years, or have other symptoms that don’t fit the picture of menopause, then you should seek medical advice”.9

Change of Life

Why is the menopause sometimes called ‘the change of life’?

The AMS explain:

“The menopause is sometimes called ‘the change of life’ as it marks the end of a woman’s reproductive life. At menopause, ovulation no longer occurs and production of oestrogen and progesterone ceases”.10

In Menopause FAQ: An Introduction To Menopause – Q. What is menopause? the NAMS note:

“Menopause is associated with reduced age-related functioning of the ovaries, resulting in lower levels of estrogen and other hormones. It marks the permanent end of fertility”.11

Age

What is the average age of menopause?

According to the IMS:

“In Caucasian women, the average age of menopause is between the ages of 50 and 52 years, although in some societies or ethnic groups the average age is several years earlier”.12

Same or Not

Do all women experience the same menopause?

No. Menopause is not one-size-fits-all. Although all women have a FMP, different women experience different symptoms, at different times, in different ways, for different lengths of time, before and after their FMP.

In Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Menopause – Symptoms the (British) National Institute for Health and Care Excellence’s (NICE) guideline, the NICE elaborate on:

Menopause

“Menopause affects every woman differently. You may have no symptoms at all, or they might be brief and short lived. For some women they are severe and distressing.

You can still get menopause symptoms if you have had a hysterectomy (an operation to remove your womb).

Other natural changes as you age can be intensified by menopause. For example, you may lose some muscle strength and have a higher risk of conditions such as osteoporosis and heart disease”.13

Menopausal Hormone Therapy

What is one of the points of consensus about menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)?

One of the points of consensus in the Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Section B: General Principles Governing the Use of MHT – endorsed by seven menopause-related organizations – published online 20 June 2016, is:

  • “Consideration of MHT for symptom relief or osteoporosis prevention should be a part of an overall strategy including lifestyle recommendations regarding diet, exercise, smoking cessation and safe levels of alcohol consumption for maintaining the health and quality of life of peri- and postmenopausal women”.14

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with my menopause?

If you would like help with your menopause, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In About Menopause: When To See Your Doctor the JH explain:

  • “If you are troubled by irregular cycles
  • If you are worried about heavy bleeding/bleeding abnormal to you/bleeding between periods and/or after sex
  • If you have increased PMS (premenstrual syndrome) symptoms and/or pain
  • If you have some of the symptoms of menopause, such as hot flushes, that interfere with your daily life”.15

The Mayo Clinic encourage us to seek help:

“Before deciding on any form of treatment, talk with your doctor about your options and the risks and benefits involved with each. Review your options yearly, as your needs and treatment options may change”.16

In Menopause: When To See A GP the (United Kingdom) NHS elaborate on:

“It’s worth talking to a GP if you have menopausal symptoms that are troubling you or if you’re experiencing symptoms of the menopause before 45 years of age”.17

Who is a GP?

DotS and/or DotC (Depending on the Country) a GP may be a qualified and registered general practitioner, a medical practitioner, a medical doctor or a doctor.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics related to Menopause?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Menopause?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

  1. 5 of the Most Common Questions About Menopause
  2. A Time of Change: A History of Our Understanding of the Menopause
  3. AMS Symptom Score Card
  4. Bioidentical Hormones Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  5. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  6. Can Menopause Cause Anxiety, Depression or Panic Attacks?
  7. Causes of Menopause
  8. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms
  9. Complementary Medicine Options for Menopausal Symptoms
  10. Complementary and Alternative Therapies Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  11. Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy [Video]
  12. Early Menopause: Women’s Experiences – Overview
  13. Early Menopause: Women’s Experiences – Women’s Profiles
  14. Find A Menopause Practitioner [United States and Other]
  15. Find An AMS Doctor [Australasian Menopause Society]
  16. Find Your Nearest BMS Menopause Specialist [British Menopause Society]
  17. Glossary of Terms
  18. HRT: Types, Doses and Regimens
  19. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  20. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do?
  21. How Long Does Menopause Last? – Ask Dr Jean
  22. Information About Menopause [Multiply Languages] [Videos]
  23. Let’s Talk About Menopause | Aware Webinar
  24. Lifestyle and Behavioural Modifications for Menopausal Symptoms
  25. MHT Still Maligned & Misunderstood: Expert
  26. Maintaining Your Weight and Health During and After Menopause
  27. Making Choices At Menopause
  28. Making Sense of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Means Understanding the Benefits As Well As the Risks
  29. Managing Menopausal Symptoms—Hormone Replacement Therapy Is Not the Only Option!
  30. Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video]
  31. Mayo Clinic Minute: Lifestyle Changes To Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
  32. Menopause
  33. Menopause
  34. Menopause
  35. Menopause
  36. Menopause
  37. Menopause
  38. Menopause
  39. Menopause & Herbs
  40. Menopause Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  41. Menopause FAQs: Expert Answers To Frequently Asked Questions About Menopause
  42. Menopause FAQs: Premature, Early, and Induced Menopause
  43. Menopause Glossary
  44. Menopause What Are the SymptomsMenopause Hormone Therapy: Who Shouldn’t Take It?
  45. Menopause Matters
  46. Menopause Symptoms and Relief
  47. Menopause What Are the Symptoms?
  48. Menopause and MS [Multiply Sclerosis]
  49. Menopause and Your Health
  50. Menopause – Fact Sheet (Plain English)
  51. Menopause – Multilingual Fact Sheets
  52. Menopause – Multiply Languages
  53. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment
  54. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  55. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  56. Menopause: How Will It Affect My Health? [Multiply Languages] [Video]
  57. Menopause: Is It Starting?
  58. Menopause: Menopause – Hormone Treatments
  59. Menopause: Symptoms & Causes
  60. ‘Menopause: The Change is Here’ World Menopause Day 2021 [+ Video]
  61. Menopause: What Are the Symptoms? [Multiply Languages] [Video]
  62. Menstrual Calendar
  63. My Periods Have Changed. Is Menopause Around the Corner?
  64. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 4 Things To Know About Menopausal Symptoms and Complementary Health Practices
  65. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Menopausal Symptoms: In Depth
  66. Non-Hormonal Treatment Options for Menopausal Symptoms
  67. NonHormonal Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms
  68. Risks and Benefits of MHT
  69. Supporting Women Through Menopause – Fact Sheet
  70. Symptoms of Menopause
  71. The Menopause Years
  72. The Menopause: Early and Premature Menopause [+ Video: Menopause Only Happens In Your 50’s]
  73. The Menopause: Menopause and Your Mental Wellbeing [+ Video: Menopause Only Affects You Physically!]
  74. The Menopause: The Menopause [+ Video: Menopause]
  75. The Menopause: Treating Menopause Symptoms: [+ Video: The Menopause Happens Suddenly]
  76. Understanding Menopause – Booklet
  77. Understanding Premature & Early Menopause – Booklet
  78. Urogenital Atrophy Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  79. Video Series-2021: Common Issues Surrounding Sexuality and Menopause
  80. Video Series-2021: How Menopause Symptoms Can Affect Your Quality of Life
  81. Video Series-2021: Treatment Options for Vaginal Dryness and Urinary Issues
  82. Video Series-2021: What Women Need to Know About Hormone Therapies
  83. Video Series-2022: Perimenopause: Signs, Symptoms, and Solutions
  84. Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: Is Testosterone the Answer To Low Libido?
  85. Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: Migraine Headaches
  86. Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: The Menopause Blues
  87. Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: When Your Periods Leave Too Early
  88. Videos and Podcasts: World Menopause Day 2021 – Interviews: Bone Health
  89. Videos and Podcasts: World Menopause Day 2021 – Interviews: Bone Health What Why and How
  90. Webinars: Previous – Perimenopause Contraception
  91. Webinars: Previous – Transgender and Menopause
  92. Webinars: Previous – Update on Bone Health
  93. What Are the 34 Symptoms of Menopause?
  94. What Is Menopause?
  95. When Menopause-Like Symptoms Start Early [Video]
  96. Women’s Wellness: Menopause Misconceptions [+ Video]
  97. Women’s Wellness: Mindfulness May Ease Menopausal Symptoms
  98. World Menopause Day – Patient Information Leaflet: Update on Bone Health [Multiply Languages] Menopause
  99. Yarning About Menopause
  100. You Think It’s Menopause, But Could It Be Your Thyroid?

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Menopause: Symptoms & Causes – Overview. 14 October 2020. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/symptoms-causes/syc-20353397 Accessed: 02 January 2022
  2. Menopause: Overview – Introduction. Last Update: 02 July 2020. Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health Care https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279311/ Accessed: 02 January 2022
  3. About Menopause: What Is Menopause? Last Updated: 23 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/about-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  4. Menopause Terminology: Definitions – Menopause. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/menopause_terminology.php Accessed: 02 January 2022
  5. Menopause FAQs: An Introduction To Menopause – Q. What is menopause? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-an-introduction-to-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  6. What Is Menopause? Key Points. Content Updated February 2016. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/185-what-is-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  7. About Menopause: What Is Menopause? Last Updated: 23 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/about-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  8. Menopause: Symptoms & Causes – Overview. 14 October 2020. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/symptoms-causes/syc-20353397 Accessed: 02 January 2022
  9. About Menopause: Diagnosis of Menopause. Last Updated: 23 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/about-menopause/ Accessed: 02 January 2022
  10. What Is Menopause? Content Updated February 2016. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/185-what-is-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  11. Menopause FAQs: An Introduction To Menopause – Q. What is menopause? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-an-introduction-to-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  12. Maintaining Health and Preventing Disease After the Menopause. 2014:2. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/wmd-2014-leaflet-english.pdf Accessed: 02 January 2022
  13. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Menopause – Symptoms. Published Date: 12 November 2015. Last Updated: 05 December 2019. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng23/ifp/chapter/Menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  14. De Villiers, T. J., Hall, J. E., Pinkerton, J. V., Pérez, S. C., Rees, M., Yang, C. and Pierroz, D. D. Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Section B: General Principles Governing the Use of MHT. Climacteric, 2016;19:4:314 https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/global-consensus-hrt-2016-06.pdf Accessed: 02 January 2022
  15. About Menopause: When To Visit Your Doctor. Last Updated: 23 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/about-menopause Accessed: 02 January 2022
  16. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 14 October 2020. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353401 Accessed: 02 January 2022
  17. Menopause: Overview – When To See A GP. Page Last Reviewed: 29 August 2018. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/menopause/#when-to-see-your-gp Accessed: 02 January 2022

Topic Last Updated: 06 January 2022 – Topic Last Reviewed: 02 January 2022
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