“It is very important to try to reduce the risk of
cardiovascular disease, especially at this time of your life,
with a healthy lifestyle that includes…”.1
Umbrella
What may the Menopause and Cardiovascular Disease Umbrella include?
Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:
- Cardiovascular Conditions
- Cardiovascular Disease/s (CVD/CVDs)
- Cardiovascular Disorders
- Diseases/Disorders of the Heart and Blood Vessels
- Diseases/Disorders of the Heart and Circulatory System
- Heart Disease/s
- Heart and Circulatory Disease
- Stroke
Cardiovascular Disease
What is cardiovascular disease (CVD)?
DotS the definition of CVD may vary. In Cardiovascular Heart Disease the British Heart Foundation’s (BHF) definition is:
Cardiovascular Diseases
What are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)?
DotS the definition of CVDs may vary. In Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs): What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? the World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition is:
- Coronary heart disease – a disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle
- Cerebrovascular disease – a disease of the blood vessels supplying the brain
- Peripheral arterial disease – a disease of blood vessels supplying the arms and legs
- Rheumatic heart disease – damage to the heart muscle and heart valves from rheumatic fever, caused by streptococcal bacteria
- Congenital heart disease – birth defects that affect the normal development and functioning of the heart caused by malformations of the heart structure from birth; and
- Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism – blood clots in the leg veins, which can dislodge and move to the heart and lungs”.3
Before Menopause
Before menopause do women have a lower risk of CVD than men?
The (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) note:
“Before menopause, women have a lower risk of heart disease than men, but as women age and their oestrogen levels fall after menopause, their risk of cardiovascular disease increases”.4
After Menopause
After menopause can women have an increased risk of CVD?
In Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease the JH elaborate on:
“Blood pressure can increase after menopause, as can total cholesterol and LDL, or ‘bad cholesterol’. There can also be a decrease in HDL, or ‘good cholesterol’. Other blood fats such as triglycerides can also increase”.5
The North American Menopause Society explain:
“Although many women think of heart disease as a man’s disease, the number one killer of women in North America is cardiovascular disease, that is, diseases of the heart and circulatory system. After age 55, more than half of all the deaths in women are caused by cardiovascular disease. Risk for this disease increases after menopause. Be sure to talk to your healthcare team about what your risks are and how you can reduce them”.6
Hot Flushes and Night Sweats
Is there an association between menopausal vasomotor symptoms (VMS) i.e., hot flushes and night sweats and CVD?
In Vasomotor Menopausal Symptoms and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Pooled Analysis of Six Prospective Studies – Conclusion the authors conclude:
“Severity rather than frequency of VMS (hot flushes and night sweats) was associated with increased risk of CVD. VMS with onset before or after menopause were also associated with increased risk of CVD”.7
Risk Factors
What are risk factors for CVD?
In Cardiovascular Heart Disease: What Increases My Risk of Cardiovascular Heart Disease? the BHF elaborate on:
There are several risk factors for CVD, including:
- Smoking
- Stress
- Alcohol
- High blood pressure
- High blood cholesterol
- Being physically inactive
- Being overweight or obese
- Diabetes
- Family history of heart disease
- Ethnic background
- Sex – men are more likely to get CVD earlier than women
- Age – the older you are, the more likely you are to get CVD”.8
Prevention
Is CVD preventable?
In 8 Things You Can Do To Prevent Heart Disease and Stroke the American Heart Association explain and elaborate on:
- “Know your risk…
- Eat a healthy diet…
- Be physically active…
- Watch your weight…
- Live tobacco-free…
- Manage conditions…
- Take your medicine…
- Be a team player…”.9
In Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease the JH note:
- A healthy and nutritious diet
- Regular exercise for fitness
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Not smoking
- Minimising alcohol”.10
In Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease the JH also note:
WISEWOMAN Program
What is the WISEWOMAN program?
Your Country may have a program similar to the (United States) WISEWOMAN Program. In WISEWOMAN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): What Is the WISEWOMAN Program? the (United States) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) elaborate on:
What services does the WISEWOMAN program fund?
The CDC explain:
Know Your Numbers
What numbers do women (and men) need to know?
In Know Your Numbers They Could Just Save Your Life Go Red for Women elaborate on:
Health Care Provider
What if I think I have CVD or I have a family history of CVD?
If you think you have CVD or you have a family history of CVD, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this. In Prevention of Diseases After Menopause the authors note:
“Screening for CVD at regular intervals after menopause is extremely important. This includes measurement of blood pressure, lipids and perhaps inflammatory markers, BMI, and ascertainment of lifestyle factors such as activity level and smoking status. In addition, a family history of heart disease and stroke is important”.15
Health Topics A-Z
Where may I find Health Topics related to Cardiovascular Disease?
In Health Topics A-Z you may find:
Links
Where may I find Links related to Cardiovascular Disease?
Your Country may have Links similar to:
Links
This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.- 4 Tips To Keep Your Heart Healthy While Working From Home
- 6 Things Every Woman Should Know About Heart Health
- 8 Things You Can Do To Prevent Heart Disease and Stroke
- About Cardiovascular Disease
- About Heart Disease In Women
- About Stroke
- Alcohol
- American Heart Association
- American Stroke Association
- Aspirin Use To Prevent Cardiovascular Disease US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
- Askearlymenopause.org [Ask EM] [+ Video: What Is Early Menopause?]
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs)
- Cardiovascular Health After Menopause Transition, Pregnancy Disorders, and Other Gynaecologic Conditions: A Consensus Document From European Cardiologists, Gynaecologists, and Endocrinologists
- Cardiovascular Health: Risks & Causes
- Cardiovascular Heart Disease
- Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
- Diabetes and Heart Disease
- Doctor Appointments: Questions To Ask Your Doctor
- EMAS Replay: Risk Assessment for MHT – When, To Whom, Which, and How Long? [Multiply Languages]
- Early Menopause: Experiences and Perspectives of Women and Health Practitioners – Women’s Profiles
- Get Familiar With Signs of A Heart Attack or Stroke
- Goredforwomen.org [Go Red for Women, United States]
- Healthy Body: Top 10 Healthy Heart Tips
- Healthy Lifestyle
- Healthy Lifestyle
- Healthy Living
- Heart Attack and Stroke Symptoms: Warnings Signs of Heart Attack, Stroke & Cardiac Arrest
- Heart Disease In African-American Women
- Heart Disease In Hispanic Women
- Heart Disease: It’s Not Just for Men – Questions To Ask Your Doctor
- Heart Health Information In Your Language
- Heart Health Information In Your Language: Healthy Heart Habits [Multiply Languages]
- Heart Health Information In Your Language: Women and Heart Disease [Multiply Languages]
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
- Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Women: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions
- Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
- Hot Flushes and Night Sweats Linked To 70 Per Cent Increase In Cardiovascular Disease
- How Menopause Impacts Your Health
- How To Make Healthy Food and Healthy Lifestyle Choices Now
- How To Prevent Heart Disease
- How To Prevent Heart Disease After Menopause
- Infographic: Exercise Is Medicine
- Infographic: Treat Your Heart As A House
- Infographic: Women and Heart Disease
- Is It Fatigue – or A Stroke? Women Shouldn’t Ignore These Signs
- Know Your Numbers They Could Just Save Your Life
- Know Your Risk
- KnowDiabetesbyHeart
- Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health
- Listen To Your Heart: Learn About Heart Disease – Women and Heart Disease
- Making Mayo’s Recipes: Two Days’ Worth of Heart-Healthy Menus
- Mayo Clinic Minute: What Is Heart Disease? [+ Video]
- Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video]
- Mayo Clinic Q&A Podcast: Don’t Miss A Beat With Preventive Heart Care [+ Video]
- Mayo Clinic Q&A Podcast: Understanding the Connection Between Diabetes and Heart Disease [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
- Mayo Mindfulness: Tackle Stress, Anxiety and Depression To Benefit Your Heart
- Menopause FAQs: Your Health After Menopause
- Menopause Hormone Therapy: Who Shouldn’t Take It?
- Menopause and Heart Disease
- Menopause and Heart Disease
- Menopause and Your Heart
- Menopause – Is Menopausal Hormone Therapy (HRT) Safe? [Multiply Languages] [Video]
- Million Hearts
- My Life Check | Life’s Simple 7
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Cardiovascular Disease
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To Know
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Menopausal Symptoms: In Depth
- Preventing Cardiovascular Disease
- Recipes [American Heart Association]
- Recipes [National Heart Foundation of Australia]
- Reclaim Your Rhythm With Go Red for Women
- Risk Factors
- Smokefreewomen [United States]
- Staying Active
- Stress and Heart Health
- Stroke
- Stroke
- Stroke Symptoms
- Stroke – Causes, Signs and Symptoms
- Symptoms of A Heart Attack and Stroke In Women
- Time To Follow Your Heart
- Video Series-2021: How Clinicians Determine Which Women May Benefit From Statin Therapy
- Video Series-2021: What You Need to Know About the #1 Cause of Death in Women
- Video Series-2022
- Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: Menopause More Than Hot Flashes
- WISEWOMAN: WISEWOMAN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Webinars: Previous – Menopause: A Cardio-Metabolic Transition
- Webinars: Previous – Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease With MHT – Where Are We Now?
- What Is A Stroke?
- What Is Cardiovascular Disease?
- What Is Cardiovascular Disease?
- What It Means To Go Red for Women [+ Video]
- Women With A Heart Condition
- Women and Heart Disease [Videos]
- Women’s Wellness: Understand Heart Disease Symptoms and Risk Factors Unique To Women
- World Heart Day, September 29TH
- World Stroke Day
Sources
Where may I find the Sources quoted?
You may find the Sources quoted at:
Sources
- Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Cardiovascular Heart Disease. Page Last Reviewed: October 2019. British Heart Foundation https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/conditions/cardiovascular-heart-disease Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs): What Are Cardiovascular Diseases? 11 June 2021. World Health Organization https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Menopause FAQs: Your Health After Menopause – Q. Do I have to start worrying about heart disease? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-your-health-after-menopause Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Zhu, D., Chung, H-F., Dobson, A. J., El Khoudary, S. E., Crawford, S., Mishra, G. D. eta al. Vasomotor Menopausal Symptoms and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Pooled Analysis of Six Prospective Studies – Conclusion. 22 June 2020. https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(20)30664-5/pdf Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Cardiovascular Heart Disease: What Increases My Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases? Page Last Reviewed: October 2019. British Heart Foundation https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/conditions/cardiovascular-heart-disease Accessed: 10 June 2022
- 8 Things You Can Do To Prevent Heart Disease and Stroke. Last Reviewed: 14 March 2019. American Heart Association https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-lifestyle/prevent-heart-disease-and-stroke Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Health After Menopause: Cardiovascular Disease. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 10 June 2022
- WISEWOMAN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): What Is the WISEWOMAN Program? Page Last Reviewed: 09 December 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/wisewoman/faqs.htm Accessed: 10 June 2022
- WISEWOMAN Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs): What Services Does the WISEWOMAN Program Fund? Page Last Reviewed: 09 December 2021. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/wisewoman/faqs.htm Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Know Your Numbers They Could Just Save Your Life. Go Red for Women https://www.goredforwomen.org/en/know-your-risk/know-your-numbers Accessed: 10 June 2022
- Lobo, R. A., Davis, S. R., De Villiers, T. J., Gompel, A., Henderson, V. W., Hodis, H. N., Lumsden, M. A., Mack, W. J., Shapiro, S. and Baber, R. J. Prevention of Diseases After Menopause: Cardiovascular Diseases. 2014:7 https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/wmd-2014-white-pages-english.pdf Accessed: 10 June 2022