“Transdermal routes of administration and lower doses
of hormone therapy may decrease risk
of venous thromboembolism and stroke”.1

Umbrella

What may the Hormone Therapy and Blood Clots Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Blood Clots
  • Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  • Hormone Therapy (HT)
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
  • Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
  • Venous Thrombosis

Blood Clot Risk

What is the association between hormone therapy (HT) and blood clot risk?

On page four of Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 4. Why Is MHT Important? What Are the Risks? the International Menopause Society’s (IMS) Leaflet for Women for World Menopause Day 2024, the IMS elaborate on:Hormone Therapy and Blood Clots

“While MHT offers many benefits, there are some small risks:…

  • …Blood clots: This risk is higher with certain forms of MHT, like tablets”.2

Transdermal

What is the association between transdermal administration of estradial and blood clots?

On page one in The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement, published 07 July 2022, the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) (now the Menopause Society) note:

“Transdermal routes of administration and lower doses of hormone therapy may decrease risk of venous thromboembolism and stroke”.3

On page three in the Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause, first published online 10 June 2022, one of the recommendations is:

  • “Transdermal administration of estradiol is unlikely to increase the risk of venous thrombosis or stroke above that in non-users and is associated with a lower risk compared with oral administration of estradiol. The transdermal route should therefore be considered as the first choice route of estradiol administration in women with related risk factors”.4

Health Care Provider

If I choose to use HT, what is my risk of blood clots?

On page three of Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 1. Who Is MHT For? Women With Existing Medical Conditions the IMS explain:

“Women with certain medical histories such as breast cancer and blood clots should talk to their healthcare professional about whether MHT is safe for them. Deciding to use MHT is a personal choice and should involve discussions about the benefits and risks with a healthcare professional who knows your health history”.5

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Sources

  1. The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement. 07 July 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://menopause.org/wp-content/uploads/press-release/ht-position-statement-release.pdf Accessed: 25 February 2025
  2. Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 4. Why Is MHT Important? What Are the Risks? 2024:7. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024-WMD-Leaflet_English.pdf Accessed: 25 February 2025
  3. The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement. 07 July 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://menopause.org/wp-content/uploads/press-release/ht-position-statement-release.pdf Accessed: 25 February 2025
  4. Hamoda, H., Mukherjee, A., Morris, E., Baldeweg, S. E., Jayasena, C. N., Briggs, P., Moger, S. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause. First Published Online 10 June 2022:3-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20533691221104879 Accessed: 25 February 2025
  5. Menopause and Menopause Hormone Therapy: 1. Who Is MHT For? Women With Existing Medical Conditions. 2024:3. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/2024-WMD-Leaflet_English.pdf Accessed: 25 February 2025
Topic Last Updated: 25 February 2025 – Topic Last Reviewed: 25 February 2025