“Some studies suggest that HT might be good for your heart if you start before age 60 or within 10 years of menopause. However, if you start HT further from menopause…”.1
Umbrella
What may the Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke Umbrella include?
Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:
- Cardiovascular Disease
- Coronary Heart Disease
- Heart Disease
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Hormone Therapy (HT)
- Ischemic Heart Disease
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
- Stroke
Cardiovascular Diseases
What are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs)?
DotS the definition of CVDs may vary. The World Health Organization’s definition is:
Type

What can it be important to be clear about with hormone therapy (HT), heart disease and stroke information?
It can be important to be clear about the type of HT – Estrogen Plus Progestogen HT or Estrogen Therapy.
Younger Than Age 60 or Not
What can it also be important to be clear about with HT, heart disease and stroke information?
It can also be important to be clear about whether HT, heart disease and stroke information is about women “younger than age 60 years or within 10 years of menopause”.
Younger Than Age 60
For women younger than age 60 or within 10 years of menopause, what is the association between HT and heart disease and stroke?
On page one in Deciding About Hormone Therapy: Potential Risks, published July 2022, the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) explain:
“As with all medications, HT is associated with some potential risks. For healthy women with bothersome hot flashes aged younger than 60 years or within 10 years of menopause, the benefits of HT generally outweigh the risks. Hormone therapy might slightly increase your risk of stroke or blood clots in the legs or lungs (especially if taken in pill form)”.3
After Age 60
For women after age 60 or further than 10 years from menopause, what is the association between HT, heart disease and stroke?
On page one in Deciding About Hormone Therapy: Potential Risks, the NAMS also note:
“Some studies suggest that HT might be good for your heart if you start before age 60 or within 10 years of menopause. However, if you start HT further from menopause or after age 60, HT might slightly increase your risk of heart disease. Although there are risks associated with taking HT, they are not common, and most go away after you stop treatment”.4
U.S. Preventative Services Task Force
In 2022, what did the (United States) U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) note in their final recommendations about the use of HT for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons?
In Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions, published 01 November 2022, the USPSTF’s recommendations include:

The USPSTF recommends against the use of combined estrogen and progestin for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons”.5
In Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions, published 01 November 2022, the USPSTF’s recommendations also include:
The USPSTF recommends against the use of estrogen alone for the primary prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal persons who have had a hysterectomy”.6
Health Care Provider
What if I choose to use HT and would like to lower my risk of heart disease and/or stroke?
If you would like to choose to use HT and lower your risk of heart disease and/or stroke, it may be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care provider about this. Together you can discuss your options and if required, agree on who may be the most appropriate health care provider to help you.
Health Topics A-Z
Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke?
In Health Topics A-Z you may find:
Links
Where may I find Links related to Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke?
Your Country may have Links similar to:
Links
This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.New or Updated
- Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions
- Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work?
- Video Series-2023: Menopause and Heart Disease
- Video: Leslie Cho, MD, Discusses CV Risks, Benefits of Menopausal Hormone Therapy [25 November 2023]
- Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Cardiovascular Disease In Women
- Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Heart Disease, Risk Factors of Developing Heart Disease, and Can I Take Hormones?
- Askearlymenopause.org [Ask EM] [+ Video: What Is Early Menopause?]
- BMS TV: Bioidentical Hormones
- BMS TV: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
- BMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Bioidentical Hormone Therapy
- Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
- Cardiovascular Diseases
- DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)
- Deciding About Hormone Therapy
- Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
- Family History
- Find A Menopause Practitioner [United States and Other]
- Find An AMS Doctor [Australasian Menopause Society i.e. Australia and New Zealand]
- Find Your Nearest BMS Menopause Specialist [British Menopause Society]
- Goredforwomen.org [Go Red for Women]
- Guidance on Menopausal Hormone Therapy
- HRT – Types, Doses and Regimens
- HRT: Benefits and Risks
- Hormone Replacement Therapy
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Alternatives To Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Benefits and Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Types of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
- Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions
- Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
- Hot Flashes
- Hot Flashes
- Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video: What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Menopause?]
- Hot Flushes, Night Sweats, Brain Fog? Here’s What We Know About Phytoestrogens for Menopausal Symptoms
- How To Find Relief for Hot Flashes At Night
- How To Manage and Reduce Stress
- I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause. Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
- Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
- Know Your Numbers
- Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Postmenopause Health – The Menopause: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) [+ Video: Is HRT Bad for You?]
- Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Postmenopause Health – Menopause [+ Video: Menopause Myths]
Life’s Essential 8
- Looking After Yourself
- Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work?
- Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video]
- Mayo Clinic Minute: How Lifestyle Changes May Help Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
- Mayo Clinic Minute: Signs of Coronary Artery Disease, How To Reduce Your Risk [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Venous Thromboembolism
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke
- Menopause
- Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Stages of Menopause: Postmenopause
- Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
- Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 3. The Risks & Benefits of HRT
- Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 4. The Different Types of HRT
- Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 5. Lifestyle Advice In Menopause & Perimenopause
- Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Common Conditions Associated With Menopause and Midlife
- Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Lifestyle Tips for Menopause
- Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
- Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
- Menopause Treatment
- Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
- Menopause and Cardiovascular Risk
- Menopause and Heart Disease
- Menopause and Heart Disease: Does Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Affect Your Risk of Heart and Circulatory Disease?
- Menopause and Your Health
- Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
- Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
- Menopause: Ensuring A Tranquil Transition
- Menopause: Things You Can Do
- Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
- Mymenoplan.org [My Menoplan, United States]
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Cardiovascular Disease
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Chelation for Coronary Heart Disease: What You Need To Know
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
- Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
- Non-Estrogen Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms
- Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats
- Postmenopause
- Q&A: Health Changes During Menopause Associated With Increased Cardiovascular Risk
- Read My Lips
- Risks and Benefits of MHT
- The Heart Truth
- The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
- Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
- Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
- Video Series-2022: Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
- Video Series-2023: Menopause and Heart Disease
- Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
- Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
- Video: Leslie Cho, MD, Discusses CV Risks, Benefits of Menopausal Hormone Therapy
- Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Cardiovascular Disease In Women
- Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Heart Disease, Risk Factors of Developing Heart Disease, and Can I Take Hormones?
- Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Prevention of Chronic Diseases In Women: Where Does MHT Fit In?
- Webinars: Previous – Cardiovascular Disease
- Webinars: Previous – Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease With MHT – Where Are We Now?
- Webinars: Previous – The Early Menopausal Patient
- Webinars: Previous – The Heart of the Matter
- What Everyone Should Know About Menopause Symptoms
- Why Didn’t Anyone Tell Me This? Episode 3: Dr Annice Mukherjee: Your Essential Menopause Toolkit
- Women & CVD
- World Menopause Day
- World Menopause Day: Patient Information Leaflet – Cardiovascular Disease: What Women Need To Know [Multiply Languages]
Sources
Where may I find the Sources quoted?
You may find the Sources quoted at:
Sources
- Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Potential Risks. 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 26 November 2023
- Cardiovascular Diseases. World Health Organization https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases#tab=tab_1 Accessed: 26 November 2023
- Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Potential Risks. 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 26 November 2023
- Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Potential Risks. 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 26 November 2023
- Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions. 01 November 2022. U.S. Preventative Services Task Force https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication Accessed: 26 November 2023
- Hormone Therapy In Postmenopausal Persons: Primary Prevention of Chronic Conditions. 01 November 2022. U.S. Preventative Services Task Force https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/menopausal-hormone-therapy-preventive-medication Accessed: 26 November 2023