“Smoking, lack of exercise, alcohol and high caffeine intake
(5-6 cups of coffee or caffeinated soft drinks per day)
can increase the risk of osteoporosis”.1
Umbrella
What may the Osteoporosis Risk and Prevention Umbrella include?
Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:
- Osteoporosis Prevention
- Osteoporosis Risk
- Osteoporosis Risk Factors
Women
Is there an association between women and the risk of developing osteoporosis?
In What Women Need To Know the (United States) Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation (BHOF) note:
- Of the estimated 10 million Americans with osteoporosis, about eight million or 80% are women
- Approximately one in two women over age 50 will break a bone because of osteoporosis
- A woman’s risk of breaking a hip is equal to her combined risk of breast, uterine and ovarian cancer”.2
Women’s Risk Factors
What are women’s risk factors for developing osteoporosis?
In Osteoporosis and Arthritis: Two Common But Different Conditions – Osteoporosis the (United States National Institutes of Health) National Institute of Arthritis, and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases’ NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center explain:
- Thinness or small frame
- Family history of the disease
- Being postmenopausal and particularly having had early menopause
- Abnormal absence of menstrual periods (amenorrhea)
- Prolonged use of certain medications, such as those used to treat lupus, asthma, thyroid deficiencies, and seizures
- Low calcium intake
- Lack of physical activity
- Smoking
- Excessive alcohol intake”.3
In Are You At Risk? the BHOF explain:
- Being over age 50
- Being female
- Menopause
- Family history of osteoporosis
- Low body weight/being small and thin
- Broken bones or height loss
Controllable Risk Factors
- Not getting enough calcium and vitamin D
- Not eating enough fruits and vegetables
- Getting too much protein, sodium and caffeine
- Having an inactive lifestyle
- Smoking
- Drinking too much alcohol
- Losing weight”.4
The (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health also note:
“Smoking, lack of exercise, alcohol and high caffeine intake (5-6 cups of coffee or caffeinated soft drinks per day) can increase the risk of osteoporosis”.5
Menopause
Is there an association between menopause and the risk of developing osteoporosis?
In What Women Need To Know: Menopause: A Time for Action the BHOF elaborate on:
Two major factors that affect your chance of getting osteoporosis are:
- The amount of bone you have when you reach menopause…
- How fast you lose bone after you reach menopause. For some women, bone loss happens faster than for others. In fact, a woman can lose up to 20% of her bone density during the five – seven years following menopause. If you lose bone quickly, you have a greater chance of developing osteoporosis”.6
Prevention
What is the key strategy for preserving bone mass after menopause?
On page three in Maintaining Health and Preventing Disease After the Menopause: Reducing the Risks of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis Post Menopause the International Menopause Society elaborate on:
“Lifestyle and diet is the key strategy for preserving bone mass after menopause. Smoking and excessive alcohol use are toxic to bones and should be avoided. Moderate daily weight-bearing exercise strengthens bones and is recommended”.7
In Prevention and Healthy Living the BHOF elaborate on:
- Get enough calcium and vitamin D and eat a well balanced diet
- Engage in regular exercise
- Eat foods that are good for bone health, such as fruits and vegetables
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol to 2-3 drinks per day”.8
Bone Exercise
What is the best exercise for your bones?
In Exercise for Your Bone Health: The Best Bone Building Exercises NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center note:
“Weight-bearing and resistance exercises are the best for your bones. Weight-bearing exercises force you to work against gravity. They include walking, hiking, jogging, climbing stairs, playing tennis, and dancing. Resistance exercises – such as lifting weights – can also strengthen bones. Other exercises such as swimming and bicycling can help build and maintain strong muscles and have excellent cardiovascular benefits, but they are not the best way to exercise your bones”.9
Hormone Therapy and Bone Loss
Is menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) effective in the prevention of bone loss?
One of the points of consensus in the Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy – endorsed by seven menopause-related organizations – published online 20 June 2016 is:
- “MHT, including tibolone and CE/BZA, is effective in the prevention of bone loss in postmenopausal women”.10
What is CE/BZA?
CE/BZA can be an abbreviation for Conjugated Equine Estrogens and Bazedoxifene.
Hormone Therapy and Fractures
Can MHT lower the risk of fractures?
One of the points of consensus in the Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy is:
- “MHT has been shown to significantly lower the risk of hip, vertebral and other osteoporosis-related fractures in postmenopausal women”.11
Hormone Therapy and Osteoporosis
Can MHT lower the risk of osteoporosis?
One of the points of consensus in the Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy is:
- “MHT, including tibolone, can be initiated in postmenopausal women at risk of fracture or osteoporosis before the age of 60 years or within 10 years after menopause”.12
Health Care Provider
What if I think I am at risk for osteoporosis?
If you think you are at risk for osteoporosis, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.
In About Osteoporosis: Have Risk Factors? Talk To Your Doctor, Ask for Testing the International Osteoporosis Federation (IOF) note:
If you are over the age of 50 and you have one or more risk factors you should discuss these with your doctor and ask for an assessment of your bone health status. Lifestyle changes may be recommended and, for those at high risk, medication may be prescribed for optimal protection against fractures”.13
Health Topics A-Z
Where may I find Health Topics related to Osteoporosis Risk and Prevention?
In Health Topics A-Z you may find:
Links
Where may I find Links related to Osteoporosis Risk and Prevention?
Your Country may have Links similar to:
Links
This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.- A Guide To Calcium Rich Foods
- About Osteoporosis
- About Osteoporosis
- Are You At Risk? [+ Video: Risk Factors]
- Bone Basics
- Bone Density
- Bone Density Exam/Testing
- Bone Density Scan (DEXA Scan)
- Bone Density Scan [Image]
- Bone Density Test
- Bone Health
- Bone Health Checklist
- Bone Health: Tips To Keep Your Bones Healthy
- Bone Mass Measurement: What the Numbers Mean
- Bonehealthandosteoporosis.org [Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation, United States]
- Calcium
- Calcium Content of Common Foods
- Calcium and Vitamin D
- Calcium: Shopping List
- Communication With Your Doctor and Healthcare Team: Be Prepared for Your Visit
- Consumer Health: Osteoporosis and Exercise
- D-pleted – The Vitamin Many of Us Are Low on
- Decreasing the Risk of Falls and Fractures Before, During and After Menopause
- Does Osteoporosis Run In Your Family?
- Exercise
- Exercise To Stay Healthy
- Exercise for Bones
- Exercise for Your Bone Health
- Exercise: Exercise and Bone Density
- Exercising With Osteoporosis: Stay Active the Safe Way
- Fixed Risk Factors
- Get A Bone Density Test
- Get the Facts on Calcium and Vitamin D
- How To Prevent Osteoporosis After Menopause
- Knowyourbones.org
- Looking After Your Bones
- Management of Osteoporosis In Postmenopausal Women: The 2021 Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society
- Managing the Risk of Falls
- May Is Osteoporosis Awareness and Prevention Month 2022 #ExerciseToMaximise – Download the Digital Calendar
- Mayo Clinic Q and A: Who Should Have A Bone Density Test?
- Menopause FAQs: Your Health After Menopause – Q. What can I do to prevent osteoporosis?
- Menopause – How Will It Affect My Health? [Multiply Languages] [Video]
- Modifiable Risk Factors
- NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center [National Institutes of Health, United States]
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [United States]: Understanding Bone Health
- Nutrients: Bone Healthy Ingredients
- Nutrition for Bones
- Nutrition: Food and Your Bones – Osteoporosis Nutrition Guidelines
- Office of Dietary Supplements: Calcium
- Office of Dietary Supplements: Vitamin D
- Osteopedia [Glossary of Terms]
- Osteopenia
- Osteoporosis
- Osteoporosis
- Osteoporosis
- Osteoporosis Exercise for Strong Bones
- Osteoporosis Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
- Osteoporosis Overview
- Osteoporosis Treatment: A-Z of Osteoporosis Treatments
- Osteoporosis Treatment: Medications Can Help
- Osteoporosis and African American Women
- Osteoporosis and Asian American Women
- Osteoporosis and Hispanic Women
- Osteoporosis – Multiply Languages
- Osteoporosis.Risk.Check
- Osteoporosis: Bone Health Following the Menopause
- Osteoporosis: Prevention
- Prevent Broken Bones
- Preventing Fractures
- Preventing Osteoporosis
- Preventing Osteoporosis: Questions for the Doctor
- Prevention and Healthy Living
- Prevention: What Can You Do To Protect Your Bones?
- Questions To Ask Your Healthcare Provider About Bone Health and Osteoporosis
- Recipes: Bone Healthy Recipes
- Risk Factors
- Smoking and Bone Health
- Statins Could Increase or Decrease Osteoporosis Risk – the Dosage Makes the Difference
- The Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis: What It Means To You
- Treating Osteoporosis
- Treatment
- Treatment
- Video Series-2021: What Women Need To Know About Hormone Therapies
- Videos and Podcasts: Interviews and Podcasts – Interviews: Bone Health and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency
- Videos and Podcasts: World Menopause Day 2021 – Interviews: Bone Health
- Videos and Podcasts: World Menopause Day 2021 – Interviews: Bone Health What Why and How
- Vitamin D
- Webinars: Previous – Update on Bone Health
- What Breast Cancer Survivors Need To Know About Osteoporosis
- What Women Need To Know [+ Video: Losing Bone Mass]
- Who’s At Risk?
- World Menopause Day
- World Menopause Day – Patient Information Leaflet: Update on Bone Health [Multiply Languages]
- World Menopause Day: Update on Bone Health: The IMS White Paper [Multiply Languages]
- World Osteoporosis Day October 2021
Sources
Where may I find the Sources quoted?
You may find the Sources quoted at:
Sources
- Health After Menopause: Bone Health & Osteoporosis. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- What Women Need To Know. Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation https://www.nof.org/preventing-fractures/general-facts/what-women-need-to-know/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Osteoporosis and Arthritis: Two Common But Different Conditions – Osteoporosis. Last Reviewed: December 2018. NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center https://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Osteoporosis/Conditions_Behaviors/osteoporosis_arthritis.asp Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Are You At Risk? National Osteoporosis Foundation https://www.nof.org/prevention/general-facts/bone-basics/are-you-at-risk/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Health After Menopause: Bone Health & Osteoporosis. Last Updated: 25 March 2021 | Last Reviewed: 17 December 2017. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- What Women Need To Know: Menopause: A Time for Action. Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation https://www.nof.org/prevention/general-facts/what-women-need-to-know/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Maintaining Health and Preventing Disease After the Menopause: Reducing the Risks of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis Post Menopause. 2014:3. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/wmd-2014-leaflet-english.pdf Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Prevention and Healthy Living. Last Reviewed 08/09/2018. Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation https://www.nof.org/preventing-fractures/prevention/prevention-and-healthy-living/ Accessed: 12 May 2022
- Exercise for Your Bone Health: The Best Bone Building Exercise. Last Reviewed: October 2018. NIH Osteoporosis and Related Bone Diseases National Resource Center https://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Bone/Bone_Health/Exercise/default.asp Accessed: 12 May 2022
- De Villiers, T. J., Hall, J. E., Pinkerton, J. V., Pérez, S. C., Rees, M., Yang, C. and Pierroz, D. D. Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Section A: Benefit/Risk Profile of MHT. Climacteric, 2016;19:4:313 https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/global-consensus-hrt-2016-06.pdf Accessed: 12 May 2022
- De Villiers, T. J., Hall, J. E., Pinkerton, J. V., Pérez, S. C., Rees, M., Yang, C. and Pierroz, D. D. Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Section A: Benefit/Risk Profile of MHT. Climacteric, 2016;19:4:313 https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/global-consensus-hrt-2016-06.pdf Accessed: 12 May 2022
- De Villiers, T. J., Hall, J. E., Pinkerton, J. V., Pérez, S. C., Rees, M., Yang, C. and Pierroz, D. D. Revised Global Consensus Statement on Menopausal Hormone Therapy: Section A: Benefit/Risk Profile of MHT. Climacteric, 2016;19:4:313 https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/global-consensus-hrt-2016-06.pdf Accessed: 12 May 2022
- About Osteoporosis: Have Risk Factors? Talk To Your Doctor, Ask for Testing. International Osteoporosis Federation http://worldosteoporosisday.org/about-osteoporosis Accessed: 12 May 2022