“Black cohosh is the most extensively researched of all herbs used for managing menopausal symptoms, and is available in many different formulations, which vary in…”.1

Umbrella
What may the Black Cohosh Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Actaea Racemosa
  • Black Cohosh
  • Black Snakeroot
  • Bugbane
  • Bugwort
  • Cimicifuga Racemosa
  • Macrotys
  • Rattleroot
  • Rattleweed

Definition

What is black cohosh?

The (United States) National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) explain:

  • “Black cohosh, a member of the buttercup family, is a plant native to North America. Native American and Chinese herbalists have traditionally used black cohosh for a variety of ailments and as an insect repellent
  • Currently, people use black cohosh as a dietary supplement for hot flashes and other menopausal symptoms. It’s also been used as a dietary supplement for other conditions, including menstrual cramps and premenstrual syndrome, and to induce labor”.2

Menopausal Symptoms

Is black cohosh an effective treatment for menopausal symptoms?

In Menopause & Herbs: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae, last reviewed 20 November 2018, the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) explain:

Black Cohosh
“Black cohosh is the most extensively researched of all herbs used for managing menopausal symptoms, and is available in many different formulations, which vary in quality and efficacy. Many of the clinical studies of black cohosh have used the commercially available product Remifemin®, or the extract Ze 450 (available as Flordis Femular®)”.3

In Black Cohosh: What Have We Learned? updated September 2016, the NCCIH note:

  • “Studies that tested black cohosh for menopause symptoms have had inconsistent results. The overall evidence is insufficient to support using black cohosh for this purpose”.4

Vaginal Dryness

Is black cohosh an effective treatment for vaginal dryness?

In Menopause & Herbs: Vaginal Changes the JH explain:

“Black cohosh, taken orally (by mouth) or topically (as a cream or pessary), may be useful for treating vaginal dryness. Black cohosh pessaries or vaginal cream are available only from naturopaths. Linseed (flaxseed) has been shown to reduce vaginal dryness by a mildly oestrogenic action of ‘plumping up’ the vaginal cells”.5

Safe or Not

Is black cohosh safe?

The JH note:

“Black cohosh has been associated with liver damage in some people, but this is very rare. The majority of cases suspected of liver damage have in fact been shown NOT to be related to black cohosh”.6

The (United States) Mayo Clinic also note:

  • “Black Cohosh. Black cohosh has been popular among many women with menopausal symptoms. Studies of black cohosh’s effectiveness have had mixed results, and the supplement might be harmful to the liver in rare circumstances”.7

In Complementary/Alternative Therapies for Menopausal Women: Complementary and Alternative Treatments – Herbal Treatments: Black Cohosh the (British) Women’s Health Concern (WHC) explain:

“This North American traditional herb can help hot flushes although never as well as HRT. Black cohosh does not help with anxiety or low mood, but black cohosh can interact with other medicines and there are unknown risks regarding safety”.8

Questions To Ask

If I choose to use black cohosh, what are some good questions to ask?

In Effectiveness of Natural Therapies: Good Questions To Ask the JH explain:

“Before taking a natural therapy, have a discussion with your natural therapist about the available evidence of effectiveness. Some good questions to ask are:

  • Do clinical trials exist?
  • Is the use of this medicine based on traditional knowledge or historical use?
  • What is the most effective dose for me?
  • What are the potential side effects?
  • Are there interactions with any of the medications I am currently taking?”9

Health Care Provider

What if I choose to use black cohosh?

If you choose to use black cohosh, it may be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care providers about this.

In Natural Remedies for Hot Flashes: Do Mother Nature’s Treatments Help Hot Flashes? Use With Caution the North American Menopause Society note:

“Keep in mind that herbal supplements are not as closely regulated as prescription drugs. The amount of herbal product, quality, safety, and purity may vary between brands or even between batches of the same brand. Herbal therapies may also interact with prescription drugs, resulting in dramatic changes in the effect of the botanical, the drug, or both. To be safe, tell your healthcare provider about all botanical therapies you are considering and always stop all herbal treatments at least 2 weeks before any planned surgery”.10

In Herbal Medicine: Summary the (United States) MedlinePlus also note:

“If you are thinking about using an herbal medicine, first get information on it from reliable sources. Make sure to tell your health care provider about any herbal medicines you are taking”.11

In 4 Tips: Start Talking With Your Health Care Providers About Complementary Health Approaches the NCCIH’s third tip “to help you and your health care providers start talking” is:

“If you are considering a new complementary health practice, ask questions. Ask your health care providers about its safety, effectiveness, and possible interactions with medications (both prescription and nonprescription)”.12

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics related to Black Cohosh?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Black Cohosh?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.
  1. 9 Myths and Misunderstandings About Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): 1. Misunderstanding – MHT Will Make You Put on Weight
  2. 9 Myths and Misunderstandings About Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): 6. Myth – Complementary Medicines and Therapies Are As Effective As MHT and Safer
  3. 9 Myths and Misunderstandings About Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): 9. Misunderstanding – Non-hormonal Medications Are As Effective As MHT for Hot Flushes
  4. Bioidentical Hormones Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  5. Black Cohosh
  6. Black Cohosh Black Cohosh
  7. Complementary Medicine Options for Menopausal Symptoms
  8. Complementary and Alternative Medicine
  9. Complementary and Herbal Therapies for Hot Flushes | New: January 2018
  10. Complementary/Alternative Therapies for Menopausal Women
  11. Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets
  12. Dietary Supplements
  13. Dietary Supplements
  14. Dietary Supplements
  15. Dietary Supplements [Topics]
  16. Dietary Supplements: Questions and Answers
  17. Dietary Supplements: What Is Safe? Common Misconceptions About Dietary Supplements
  18. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know
  19. Drug Interactions: What You Should Know
  20. Drugs and Supplements: Herbs, Supplements and Vitamins [Topics]
  21. Early Menopause: Experiences and Perspectives of Women and Health Practitioners – Women’s Profiles
  22. Effectiveness of Natural Therapies: Good Questions To Ask
  23. FDA 101: Dietary Supplements
  24. Fortify Your Knowledge About Vitamins
  25. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
  26. HRT and Alternatives
  27. Herb Society of America
  28. Herbal Medicine
  29. Herbal Supplements and Heart Medicines May Not Mix
  30. Herbal Supplements: What To Know Before You Buy
  31. Herbs At A Glance: Black Cohosh
  32. Herbs and Phytoestrogens
  33. Herbs and Supplements [Topics]
  34. Hot Flash Relief Without Hormones
  35. Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Alternative Medicine: Dietary Supplements – Black Cohosh
  36. Hot Flashes: Manage Without Medication?
  37. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do?
  38. Hot Stuff: What’s New About Hot Flashes?
  39. How Long Does Menopause Last? | Ask Dr Jean
  40. Information About Menopause [Multiply Languages] [Videos]
  41. Is It Really ‘FDA Approved?’ [Food and Drug Administration, United States]
  42. Lifestyle and Behaviour Changes for Menopausal Symptoms
  43. Lifestyle and Behavioural Modifications for Menopausal Symptoms
  44. Making Sense of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Means Understanding the Benefits As Well As the Risks
  45. Managing Menopause: Don’t Let Symptoms of Menopause Reduce Your Quality of Life
  46. Menopause
  47. Menopause
  48. Menopause & Herbs: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa)
  49. Menopause Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  50. Menopause FAQs: Expert Answers To Frequently Asked Questions About Menopause
  51. Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms?
  52. Menopause Management: Natural & Complementary Therapies – Herbal Therapies and Remedies for Menopause
  53. Menopause Symptoms and Relief
  54. Menopause Treatment
  55. Menopause – Complementary Therapies [Multiply Languages] [Video]
  56. Menopause – What Are the Symptoms? [Multiply Languages] [Video]
  57. Menopause: Complementary Therapies for Menopausal Symptoms [Video Interview Stories]
  58. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment
  59. Menopause: Menopause – Hormone Treatments
  60. Menopause: Non-HRT and Lifestyle Options [Video Interview Stories]
  61. Menopause: Non-Hormonal Treatment & Relief for Hot Flashes
  62. Menopause: Questions for the Doctor
  63. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
  64. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 4 Things To Know About Menopausal Symptoms and Complementary Health Practices
  65. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 4 Tips: Start Talking With Your Health Care Providers About Complementary Health Approaches
  66. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 5 Tips: What Consumers Need To Know About Dietary Supplements
  67. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 5 Tips: What You Should Know About Popular Herbs
  68. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 6 Tips: How Herbs Can Interact With Medicines
  69. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Are You Considering A Complementary Health Approach?
  70. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Black Cohosh
  71. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Dietary and Herbal Supplements
  72. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbal Products: Be An Informed Consumer
  73. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
  74. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  75. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Information for Consumers About Black Cohosh
  76. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Menopausal Symptoms: In Depth
  77. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Menopausal Symptoms: In Depth: What the Science Says About
  78. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Menopause
  79. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Natural Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Safer, or Better
  80. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Safe Use of Complementary Health Products and Practices
  81. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Traditional Chinese Medicine: In Depth
  82. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Understanding Drug-Supplement Interactions
  83. Natural Medicines
  84. Natural Remedies for Hot Flashes: Do Mother Nature’s Natural Remedies Work?
  85. Natural Therapies
  86. Natural Therapies & Supplements
  87. Natural Therapies & Supplements
  88. Non-Hormonal Treatment Options for Menopausal Symptoms
  89. NonHormonal Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms
  90. Office of Dietary Supplements: Black Cohosh
  91. Questions and Answers on Dietary Supplements
  92. Safety of Natural Therapies
  93. Symptoms of Menopause
  94. Tips for Dietary Supplement Users
  95. Tips for Dietary Supplement Users: Basic Points To Consider
  96. Understanding Menopause [Booklet]
  97. Video Series-2018 – Nonhormone Prescription Options for Hot Flashes
  98. Video Series-2018 – The Truth About Nonpharmacologic Options for Hot Flushes
  99. Women’s Wellness: Hot Flashes and Night Sweats Happen After Menopause
  100. Women’s Wellness: Treating Hot Flashes and Night Sweats Without Hormones [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]

Sources

Where may I find the Sources related to the quotes above?

You may find the Sources at:

Sources

  1. Menopause & Herbs: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae. Last Updated: 09 May 2019 — Last Reviewed 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/menopause-herbs Accessed: 03 January 2020
  2. Black Cohosh: Background.  Updated: September 2016. This Page Last Modified 29 November 2016. National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health https://nccih.nih.gov/health/blackcohosh/ataglance.htm?nav=gsa#hed1 Accessed: 03 January 2020
  3. Menopause & Herbs: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa) Last Updated: 09 May 2019 — Last Reviewed 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/menopause-herbs Accessed: 03 January 2020
  4. Black Cohosh: What Have We Learned? Updated: September 2016. This Page Last Modified 29 November 2016. National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health https://nccih.nih.gov/health/blackcohosh/ataglance.htm?nav=gsa#hed3 Accessed: 03 January 2020
  5. Menopause & Herbs: Vaginal Changes. Last Updated: 09 May 2019 — Last Reviewed 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/menopause-herbs Accessed: 03 January 2020
  6. Menopause & Herbs: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae. Last Updated: 09 May 2019 — Last Reviewed 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/menopause-herbs Accessed: 03 January 2020
  7. Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Alternative Medicine: Dietary Supplements – Black Cohosh. 10 February 2018. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hot-flashes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352795 Accessed: 03 January 2020
  8. Complementary/Alternative Therapies for Menopausal Women: Complementary and Alternative Treatments – Herbal Treatments: Black Cohosh. Reviewed: August 2017. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/help/factsheets/fs_menopausecomptherapies.html Accessed: 03 January 2020
  9. Effectiveness of Natural Therapies: Good Questions To Ask. Last Updated: 27 February 2017 — Last Reviewed 15 June 2016. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/effectiveness-of-natural-therapies Accessed: 03 January 2020
  10. Natural Remedies for Hot Flashes: Do Mother Nature’s Treatments Help Hot Flashes? Use With Caution. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopauseflashes/menopause-symptoms-and-treatments/natural-remedies-for-hot-flashes Accessed: 03 January 2020
  11. Herbal Medicine: Summary. Page Last Updated on: 25 October 2019. Topic Last Reviewed: 21 September 2017. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/herbalmedicine.html Accessed: 03 January 2020
  12. 4 Tips: Start Talking With Your Health Care Providers About Complementary Health Approaches. 3. This Page Last Modified: 09 October 2017. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health  https://nccih.nih.gov/health/tips/ttt Accessed: 03 January 2020
Topic Last Updated: 03 January 2020 – Topic Last Reviewed: 03 January 2020
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