Bowel Incontinence

“Bowel incontinence occurs when the loss of control of gas,
liquid stool, or solid stool is enough to cause discomfort
or distress. Incontinence is a sign that…”.1

Umbrella
What may the Bowel Incontinence Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Accidental Bowel Leakage
  • Anal Incontinence
  • Bowel Continence
  • Bowel Control Problems
  • Bowel Incontinence
  • Faecal/Fecal Incontinence
  • Incontinence (Bowel/Faecal/Fecal)
  • Poor Bowel Control

Incontinence

What is incontinence?

DotS the definition of incontinence may vary. The International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorder’s (IFFGD) definition is:

“Incontinence” is the word used to describe loss of control over when and where we go to the bathroom”.2

Bowel Incontinence

What is bowel incontinence?

DotS the definition of bowel incontinence may vary. The IFFGD’s definition is:

“Bowel incontinence occurs when the loss of control of gas, liquid stool, or solid stool is enough to cause discomfort or distress. Incontinence is a sign that something is wrong – some part of the bowel control system is not working as it should”.3

Fecal Incontinence

What is fecal incontinence?

DotS the definition of fecal incontinence may vary. In Fecal Incontinence: Overview the (United States) Mayo Clinic’s definitions is explain:

“Fecal incontinence is not being able to control bowel movements. Stool leaks from the rectum without warning. Fecal incontinence ranges from an occasional leakage of stool while passing gas to a complete loss of bowel control. Fecal incontinence is sometimes called bowel incontinence”.4

Cause

What are common causes of fecal incontinence?

In Fecal Incontinence: Overview the Mayo Clinic explain:

“Common causes of fecal incontinence include diarrhea, constipation, and muscle or nerve damage. The muscle or nerve damage may be associated with aging or with giving birth”.5

Menopause

Is there an association between bowel incontinence and menopause?

In Women: Menopause the Continence Foundation of Australia note:

Bowel Incontinence“Menopause is a time of change in a woman’s life. One of the changes that many women notice is increased difficulty with bladder and bowel control”.6

Coping

What can doing help cope with bowel incontinence?

In Bowel Control Problems (Fecal Incontinence): Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – How Do I Cope With My Fecal Incontinence? the NIDDK explain:

“Doing the following can help you cope with your fecal incontinence:

  • Using the toilet before leaving home
  • Carrying a bag with cleanup supplies and a change of clothes when leaving the house
  • Finding public restrooms before one is needed
  • Wearing absorbent pads inside your underwear
  • Wearing disposable underwear
  • Using fecal deodorants—over-the-counter pills that reduce the smell of stool and gas
  • Taking over-the-counter medicines to help prevent diarrhea before eating in restaurants or at social gatherings”.7

Treatment

What is it important to remember about treatment for bowel incontinence?

In Seeking Advice and Treatment the (Scottish) NHS Inform elaborate on:

“It’s important to remember that:

  • Bowel incontinence isn’t something to be ashamed of – it’s simply a medical problem that’s no different from diabetes or asthma
  • It can be treated – there’s a wide range of successful treatments
  • Bowel incontinence isn’t a normal part of ageing
  • It won’t usually go away on its own – most people need treatment for the condition”.8

Helpline

May some Countries have a national continence/incontinence Helpline?

Yes. Your Country may have a Helpline similar to the Continence Foundation of Australia’s Continence Helpline.

Toilet Maps, Cards or Apps

May some Countries have toilet maps, cards or Apps?

Your Country may have a toilet map similar to Australia’s National Public Toilet Map: About the Toilet Map:

“The National Public Toilet Map shows the location of more than 23,000 public and private public facilities across Australia, including toilets, adult change and baby care. Information is provided about each toilet, such as location, accessibility details, opening hours and features like sharps disposal and showers”.9

Or your Country may have a card or App similar to the (United Kingdom) Bladder & Bowel Community’s (B&B) FREE Just Can’t Wait Toilet Card.

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have bowel incontinence?

If you think you have bowel incontinence, it may be in your best interest to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Bowel Problems, Conditions & Symptoms the B&B explain:

“The first and most important point to remember is that everyone with a bowel problem can be helped and many can be completely cured”.10

The Continence Foundation of Australia encourage us to seek help and explain:

“You should not ignore these problems because without help, they rarely go away and usually get worse over time”.11

In Bowel Incontinence: Overview – When To Get Medical Advice the (United Kingdom) NHS also note:

“See a GP if you have difficulty controlling your bowels. Do not be embarrassed about talking to someone about it.

Remember that:

  • It’s not something to be ashamed of
  • It’s common and GPs are used to seeing people with it
  • It’s not something you have to put up with
  • It will probably not get better on its own
  • It can be treated”.12

Who is a GP?

DotS and/or DotC (Depending on the Country) a GP may be a qualified and registered general practitioner, a medical practitioner, a medical doctor or a doctor.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Bowel Incontinence?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Bowel Incontinence?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. About Incontinence
  2. About Continence: Understanding Incontinence – What Is Incontinence?
  3. Aboutincontinence.org [International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders]
  4. Accidental Bowel Leakage
  5. Bladder & Bowel
  6. Bladderandbowel.org  [United Kingdom Bladder and Bowel Community]
  7. Bowel Control
  8. Bowel Control Problems [Fecal Incontinence]
  9. Bowel Control Problems [Fecal Incontinence]: Definition & Facts of Fecal Incontinence
  10. Bowel Control Problems [Fecal Incontinence]: Diagnosis of Fecal Incontinence – How Do Doctors Diagnose Fecal Incontinence? Medical History: Stool Diary
  11. Bowel Control Problems [Fecal Incontinence]: Eating, Diet, & Nutrition for Fecal Incontinence – What Should I Avoid Eating If I Have Fecal Incontinence? Keeping A Food Diary
  12. Bowel Control: Symptoms & Types
  13. Bowel Health
  14. Bowel Health
  15. Bowel Incontinence
  16. Bowel Incontinence
  17. Bowel Incontinence
  18. Bowel Incontinence [+ Video]
  19. Bowel Incontinence: Treating Bowel Incontinence
  20. Bowel Incontinence: Treatment
  21. Bowel Problems, Conditions & Symptoms
  22. Bowel Retraining
  23. Bristol Stool Chart
  24. Bristol Stool Form Scale
  25. Chartered Society of Physiotherapy: Incontinence
  26. Constipation
  27. Constipation
  28. Constipation
  29. Continence Health: Bowel
  30. Continence Organisations Worldwide
  31. Continence.org.au [Continence Foundation of Australia]
  32. Continencecentral.org [Continence Central: Products]
  33. Continenceproductadvisor.org [Continence Product Advisor]
  34. Diarrhoea and Vomiting
  35. Diet & Treatments
  36. Dietary Fiber
  37. Fecal Bowel Incontinence
  38. Faecal Incontinence
  39. Fecal Incontinence
  40. Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment
  41. Fecal Incontinence: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
  42. Female Products
  43. Finding A Doctor
  44. Fistula
  45. Free Just Can’t Wait Toilet Card
  46. GI Disorders: Gastrointestinal (GI) Functional and Motility Disorders
  47. Glossary
  48. Healthy Living
  49. Incontinence Conditions From A – Z
  50. Incontinence Diaries: Using A Bladder Diary or Bowel Diary
  51. Information on Incontinence In English
  52. Irritable Bowel Syndrome
  53. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
  54. Kegel Exercises
  55. Life With Incontinence: Continence Products
  56. Life With Incontinence: Sexuality
  57. Managing Your Condition
  58. Medical Definitions
  59. Menopause
  60. Menopause
  61. Men’s Conditions
  62. Nafc.org [National Association for Continence, United States]
  63. Nafc.org [National Association for Continence, United States]: Find A Specialist
  64. Nafc.org/diet-and-exercise/ [National Association for Continence, United States]: Diet and Exercise
  65. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Health Information
  66. Other Languages: Incontinence Information In Other Languages
  67. Pelvic Organ Prolapse
  68. Products
  69. Products To Treat Adult Incontinence
  70. Resources
  71. Resources for Caregivers
  72. Sex & Relationships
  73. Symptoms & Causes
  74. Symptoms of Incontinence [Bowel Incontinence]
  75. Talking To Your Doctor
  76. The Digestive System
  77. Tips & Daily Living
  78. Tips on Finding A Doctor
  79. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  80. Voices for PFD [Pelvic Floor Disorders]
  81. Watch Our FAQ Videos Series – Video Series: Continence FAQs – FAQ #3: What About Bowel Leakage?
  82. What Could It Be?
  83. What Is Incontinence?
  84. Women
  85. Women: Menopause – Menopause and Continence
  86. Women: Menopause – Symptoms
  87. Women: Pelvic Floor Muscles In Women [+ Video: Female Pelvic Floor Muscle – 3D Animation]

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Women: Menopause – Symptoms. Last Updated: 15 July 2021. Last Reviewed: 01 April 2020. Continence Foundation of Australia https://www.continence.org.au/who-it-affects/women/menopause Accessed: 12 April 2024
  2. What Is Incontinence? International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders https://aboutincontinence.org/what-is-incontinence.html Accessed: 12 April 2024
  3. What Is Incontinence? International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders https://aboutincontinence.org/what-is-incontinence.html Accessed: 12 April 2024
  4. Fecal Incontinence: Overview. 03 November 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes/syc-20351397 Accessed: 12 April 2024
  5. Fecal Incontinence: Overview. 03 November 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/symptoms-causes/syc-20351397 Accessed: 12 April 2024
  6. Women: Menopause. Last Updated: 15 July 2021. Last Reviewed: 01 April 2020. Continence Foundation of Australia https://www.continence.org.au/who-it-affects/women/menopause Accessed: 12 April 2024
  7. Bowel Control Problems (Fecal Incontinence): Treatment of Fecal Incontinence – How Do I Cope With Fecal Incontinence? July 2017. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/bowel-control-problems-fecal-incontinence/treatment Accessed: 12 April 2024
  8. Seeking Advice and Treatment. Last Updated 12 December 2023. NHS Inform https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/bowel-incontinence Accessed: 12 April 2024
  9. National Public Toilet Map: About the Toilet Map. National Continence Program https://toiletmap.gov.au/about Accessed: 12 April 2024
  10. Bowel Problems, Conditions & Symptoms. Bladder & Bowel Community https://www.bladderandbowel.org/bowel/bowel-problems/ Accessed: 12 April 2024
  11. Women: Menopause – Symptoms. Last Updated: 15 July 2021. Last Reviewed: 01 April 2020. Continence Foundation of Australia https://www.continence.org.au/who-it-affects/women/menopause Accessed: 12 April 2024
  12. Bowel Incontinence: Overview – When To Get Medical Advice. Page Last Reviewed: 04 March 2021. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bowel-incontinence/#when-to-get-medical-advice Accessed: 12 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 12 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 12 April 2024

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Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen

“Vaginal oestrogen is a hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
medicine that contains the hormone oestrogen.
It’s used to treat the vaginal dryness and irritation…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  • Hormone Therapy (HT)
  • Local Low-Dose Estrogen Therapy
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
  • Topical Vaginal Estrogens
  • Vaginal Estrogen/Oestrogen

Position Statement

When may vaginal estrogen be recommended?

On page one in The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society: Abstract, published July 2022, the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) note:

“For bothersome genitourinary syndrome of menopause symptoms not relieved with over-the-counter therapies in women without indications for use of systemic hormone therapy, low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy or other therapies (eg, vaginal dehydroepiandrosterone or oral ospemifene) are recommended”.2

Vaginal Estrogen

What is vaginal estrogen?

DotS the definition of vaginal oestrogen may vary. In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: About Vaginal Oestrogen the NHS definition is:

“Vaginal oestrogen is a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) medicine that contains the hormone oestrogen. It’s used to treat the vaginal dryness and irritation that can happen during the menopause”.3

On page one in Deciding About Hormone Therapy the NAMS explain:

“If you are bothered only by vaginal dryness, you can use very low doses of estrogen placed directly into the vagina. These low doses generally do not raise blood estrogen levels above postmenopause levels and do not treat hot flashes. You do not need to take a progestogen when using only low doses of estrogen in the vagina. (The MenoNote “Vaginal Dryness” covers this topic in detail)”.4

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Local Treatment of Urogenital Atrophy, published online 30 October 2023, the authors note:

“Urogenital symptoms due to estrogen insufficiency are under-recognized and under-treated. These symptoms can be effectively treated with an array of local therapies including intravaginal estrogen preparations or DHEA (prasterone) and intravaginal moisturizers. Concurrent progestogen therapy is not required. Many women require local therapy, in addition to systemic MHT, to relieve urogenital symptoms. It is important patients understand that treatment needs to be ongoing and is not simply a short course of therapy”.5

Cream, Tablet, Pessary or Ring

How can estrogen be applied directly to the vagina?

In Vulvovaginal Atrophy: Topical Vaginal Estrogens the European Menopause and Andropause Society explain:

Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen

  • “These may contain estradiol, estriol, promestriene and conjugated estrogens
  • Preparations include tablets, rings, capsules, creams, gels and ovules
  • Most are low-dose and do not change systemic estrogen levels
  • There is no need to add progestogen (for endometrial protection) when low-dose topical estrogens are used
  • They can be used alone or with systemic menopausal hormone therapy
  • They may also improve urinary incontinence and prevent recurrent urinary tract infections
  • They do not increase the risk of endometrial cancer, breast cancer, venous thromboembolism or cardiovascular disease”.6

Duration

How long can vaginal estrogen be used for?

On page three and four in the Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause, first published online 10 June 2022, one of the recommendations is:

Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen

  • “Low-dose and ultra-low dose vaginal oestrogen preparations can be taken by perimenopausal and menopausal women experiencing genitourinary symptoms and continued for as long as required. All vaginal oestrogen preparations have been shown to be effective in this context and there is no requirement to combine vaginal oestrogens with systemic progestogen treatment for endometrial protection, as low-dose and ultra-low dose vaginal oestrogen preparations do not result in significant systemic absorption or endometrial hyperplasia”.7

Compounded Vaginal Estrogen and Testosterone

Are compounded vaginal estrogen and testosterone recommended?

On page two in Vaginal Dryness, published November 2022, the NAMS include:

“Notes: Compounded vaginal estrogen and testosterone are not FDA regulated or recommended for treatment of GSM in most cases”.8

What is FDA?

FDA in this context, is an abbreviation for the (United States) Food and Drug Administration.

What is GSM?

GSM in this context, is an abbreviation for the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause.

Health Care Provider

What if my vaginal symptoms do not improve with treatment?

On page two in Vaginal Dryness, published November 2022, the NAMS explain:

“Notes: Vaginal and vulvar symptoms not related to menopause include yeast infections, allergic reactions, and certain skin conditions, so consult your healthcare professional if symptoms do not improve with treatment”.9

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen?

In Health Topics A-you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. BMS & WHC’s 2020 Recommendations on Hormone Replacement Therapy In Menopausal Women
  2. BMS TV: Bioidentical Hormones
  3. BMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  4. BMS TV: Urogenital Atrophy
  5. BMS TV: Testosterone Explained
  6. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  7. Caredownthere
  8. Deciding About Hormone Therapy
  9. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  10. Easier Access To Locally Applied HRT To Treat Postmenopausal Vaginal Symptoms In Landmark MHRA Reclassification [British Menopause Society]
  11. Endometrial Safety of Low-Dose Vaginal Estrogens
  12. Endometrial Safety of Low-Dose Vaginal Estrogens [Video]
  13. Estradiol Vaginal Cream
  14. Estrogen (Vaginal Route): Before Using
  15. Estrogen (Vaginal Route): Description and Brand Names
  16. Estrogen (Vaginal Route): Precautions
  17. Estrogen (Vaginal Route): Proper Use
  18. Estrogen (Vaginal Route): Side Effects
  19. Estrogen Vaginal
  20. Experiencing Vaginal Dryness? Here’s What You Need To Know
  21. HRT
  22. HRT – Types, Doses and Regimens
  23. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Benefits and Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  24. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen
  25. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – About Vaginal Oestrogen
  26. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – Common Questions About Vaginal Oestrogen
  27. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – How and When To Use Vaginal Oestrogen
  28. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – Side Effects of Vaginal Estrogen
  29. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – Using Vaginal Oestrogen With Other Medicines and Herbal Supplements
  30. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – Who Can and Cannot Use Vaginal Oestrogen
  31. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  32. I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause: Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
  33. International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health: Find A Provider
  34. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  35. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) [+ Video: Is HRT Bad for You?] [Other Languages and Formats]
  36. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Sexual Wellbeing, Intimacy and Menopause [+ Video: Menopause Is the End of Your Sex Life] [Other Languages and Formats]
  37. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Supporting Someone Through the Menopause [+ Video: Men Don’t Need To Know About Menopause] [Other Languages and Formats]
  38. Let’s Talk About Perimenopause
  39. Looking After Yourself: Sex and Relationships
  40. Lubricant Alternatives: What To Use and What To Avoid
  41. Managing Your Symptoms: Managing Bladder, Vaginal and Vulval Problems
  42. Menopause
  43. Menopause
  44. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools – Questions for Your Health Care Provider
    Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen
  45. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  46. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 4. The Different Types of HRT
  47. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Common Conditions Associated With Menopause and Midlife
  48. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
  49. Menopause Ruining Your Sex Life?
  50. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  51. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t – Treatments for Vaginal Dryness
  52. Menopause and HRT
  53. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  54. Menopause: Menopause – Hormone Treatments
  55. Menopause: Things You Can Do
  56. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
  57. Mymenoplan.org [My Menoplan, United States]
  58. Natural Remedies To Help Manage Perimenopause Symptoms
  59. Navigating Menopause Together: How Partners Can Help
  60. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  61. Patty Brisben Foundation for Women’s Sexual Health: Guide To Sexual Health Providers
  62. Perimenopause and Menopause Symptom Checklist
    Hormone Therapy and Vaginal Estrogen
  63. Position Statement for Management of Genitourinary Syndrome of the Menopause (GSM)
  64. Prosayla Supported By ISSWSH [International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health]
  65. Risks and Benefits of MHT
  66. Supporting A Loved One Through Menopause
  67. The 2020 Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society
  68. The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement
  69. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  70. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  71. Topical Estrogens and Non-Hormonal Preparations for Postmenopausal Vulvovaginal Atrophy: An EMAS Clinical Guide
  72. Urogenital Problems
  73. Urologic View In the Management of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
  74. Using Natural Therapies In the Menopause Transition – Webinar
  75. Vaginal Atrophy
  76. Vaginal Dryness
  77. Vaginal Dryness
  78. Vaginal Dryness
  79. Vaginal Dryness After Menopause: How To Treat It? I’m postmenopausal and often have vaginal dryness, which makes intercourse painful. Is there anything I can do about it?
  80. Vaginal Dryness Alternative Treatments
  81. Vaginal Dryness: Treatment Options
  82. Vaginal Dryness: What To Do About It
  83. Vaginal Estrogen
  84. Vaginal Laser Therapy for GSM/VVA: Where We Stand Now – A Review By the EUGA Working Group on Laser
  85. Video Series-2022: Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
  86. Video Series-2022: Perimenopause, Signs, Symptoms, and Solutions
  87. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  88. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  89. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: A Simple Approach To Menopause: The Menopause Quick Six (www.MQ6.ca)
  90. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Vulvovaginal Atrophy
  91. Vulva and Vaginal Health: Getting the Right Advice
  92. Vulvovaginal Atrophy
  93. Vulvovaginal Health
  94. Webinars: Previous – Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
  95. Webinars: Previous – Pay Attention on Your Way In! The Vulva Is An Important Organ Too
  96. Why Didn’t Anyone Tell Me This? Episode 3: Dr Annice Mukherjee: Your Essential Menopause Toolkit
  97. Wild Yam

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: About Vaginal Oestrogen. Page Last Reviewed: 27 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/vaginal-oestrogen/about-vaginal-oestrogen/ Accessed: 11 April 2024
  2. The 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of The North American Menopause Society: Abstract. 2022:1 North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/nams-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement.pdf Accessed: 11 April 2024
  3. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen: About Vaginal Oestrogen. Page Last Reviewed: 27 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/vaginal-oestrogen/about-vaginal-oestrogen/ Accessed: 11 April 2024
  4. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use. 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 11 April 2024
  5. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Local Treatment of Urogenital Atrophy. First Published Online 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 11 April 2024
  6. Vulvovaginal Atrophy: Topical Vaginal Estrogens. 2022. European Menopause and Andropause Society https://emas-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Vulvovaginal-atrophy.pdf Accessed: 11 April 2024
  7. Hamoda, H., Mukherjee, A., Morris, E., Baldeweg, S. E., Jayasena, C. N., Briggs, P., Moger, S. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause. First Published Online 10 June 2022:3-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20533691221104879 Accessed: 11 April 2024
  8. Vaginal Dryness. 2022:2. https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/nams-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement.pdf Accessed: 11 April 2024
  9. Vaginal Dryness. 2022:2. https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/nams-2022-hormone-therapy-position-statement.pdf Accessed: 11 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 11 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 11 April 2024

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Menopause News May 2024

Menopause News May 2024 includes
some evidence-based menopause news
by menopause societies and international sources.

Umbrella

What may the Menopause News May 2024 Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Latest News
  • Media Releases
  • Menopause News
  • News
  • Position Statements
  • Press Releases/Statements
  • Reports

Date

What can it be important to be clear about with Menopause News?

It can be important to be clear about the date of all information including the date of Menopause News, because this information may have been updated.

Health Care Provider

What if I would like to find out what Menopause News May 2024 is applicable to me?

If you would like to find out what Menopause News May 2024 is applicable to you, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

Menopause News May 2024

What is some Menopause News May 2024?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

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Menopause News May 2024 What’s Hot

  1. Menopause and HRT: Fact and Fiction [31 May 2024]
  2. The Impact of Irritant Challenge on the Skin Barrier and Myeloid Resident Immune Cells In Post-Menopausal Women Is Modulated By Hormone Replacement Therapy [31 May 2024]
  3. Women Forced To Attend Up To 10 GP Appointments To Get Menopause Diagnosis, Study Finds [31 May 2024]
  4. CAMS Menopause Hour: The Menopause Journey: Navigating Cardiometabolic Risk In Women [Council of Affiliated Menopause Societies] [30 May 2024]
  5. ASCO: Conjugated Equine Estrogen May Increase Risk for Ovarian Cancer [29 May 2024]
  6. “Stronger Than Sarcopenia” Live Event: Understanding High Blood Pressure and Sarcopenia Among Older Americans [29 May 2024]
  7. International Day of Action for Women’s Health [28 May 2024]
    Menopause News 2024 What’s Hot
  8. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – Latest Articles: 28 May – Original Studies
  9. Menstrual Hygiene Day [28 May]
  10. (Re)framing Menopause: A Comprehensive Public Health Approach [28 May 2024]
  11. Seventy-Seventh World Health Assembly [27 May – 01 June 2024]
  12. Which HRT Is Recommended If You Are Overweight? [27 May 2024]
  13. WHO Announces Winners of the 5th Health for All Film Festival [26 May 2024]
  14. International Thyroid Awareness Week 25 – 31 May, 2024 / World Thyroid Day 25 May, 2024
  15. Development of A Community Intervention Combining Social Media-Based Health Education Plus Exercise Programme (SHEEP) To Improve Muscle Function Among Young-old Adults With Possible Sarcopenia: Co-Design Approach [24 May 2024]
  16. Type of Menopausal Hormone Therapy May Influence Cancer Risk [24 May 2024]
  17. “All for Health, Health for All” Sets the Stage for the Seventy-Seventh World Health Assembly [23 May 2024]
  18. Can You Have HRT If You Are Overweight? [23 May 2024]
  19. Webinars: Previous – Perimenopausal Contraception [21 May 2024]
  20. Unlocking Therapeutic Strategies for Menopausal Cognitive Decline [19 May 2024]
  21. Menopause Depression: Under Recognised and Poorly Treated [18 May 2024]
  22. New Data Shows Elinzanetant’s Efficacy In Treating Menopausal Symptoms [+ Video] [18 May 2024]
  23. Menopause News 2024 What’s HotMenopause Can Bring Increased Cholesterol Levels and Other Heart Risks: Here’s Why and What To Do About It [17 May 2024]
  24. PFAS and Their Association With the Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease In Postmenopausal Women [17 May 2024]
  25. The HCG Diet Is Ineffective and Unsafe [17 May 2024]
  26. Mental Health and Menopause: There Are Connections and Solutions [16 May 2024]
  27. Bone Health: How To Feed Your Skeleton With Julia Zumpano, RD [15 May 2024]
  28. How To Talk To Your Doctor About Bladder Leakage [15 May 2024]
  29. Restless? Try These Bedtime Teas for Better Sleep [15 May 2024]
  30. Vasomotor Epidemiology and Challenges In the Workplace [15 May 2024]
  31. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – Latest Articles: 14 May – Original Studies
  32. Mayo Clinic Minute: Perimenopause and Menopause [13 May 2024] [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  33. What if HRT isn’t right for me? And is cold-water swimming really the answer to everything? Your Menopause Questions Answered [13 May 2024]
  34. Yes, You Can Take Too Many Vitamins [13 May 2024]
  35. Mental Health Awareness Week [13-19 May 2024, United Kingdom]
  36. National Women’s Health Week [12-18 May 2024, United States]: Day 6 – May 17: Reproductive Health From Puberty To Menopause and Beyond
  37. National Women’s Health Week [12-18 May 2024, United States]
  38. Soya, Nuts and Yoghurt: The Diet Tweaks That Can Ease the Symptoms of Menopause [11 May 2024]
  39. Q&A: ‘False Sense of Safety’ Contributes To Rise In STDs After Menopause [10 April 2024]
  40. The Importance of Understanding Your Eating Habits [09 May 2024]
  41. World Ovarian Cancer Day [08 May 2024]
  42. Previous Cancers In Women Diagnosed With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study [May 2024]
  43. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – Latest Articles: 07 May – Original Studies
  44. We Demand Attention on the Benefits and Risks of Hormonal Contraception and Hormone Replacement Therapy for Women With ADHD  [06 May 2024]
  45. World Hand Hygiene Day 2024 [05 May 2024]
  46. Chronicling Menstrual Cycle Patterns Across the Reproductive Lifespan With Real-World Data [03 May 2024]
  47. Menopause Treatment Options After Cancer [03 May 2024]
  48. Menopause and Breast Cancer [03 May 2024]
  49. Hormone Therapy: Four Things A Mayo Clinic Women’s Health Specialist Wants You To Know [02 May 2024] [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network. Name Super/CG: Taryn Smith, M.D./Internal Medicine/Mayo Clinic]
  50. ‘Menopause Brain’ Is Real. Here’s How Women’s Brains Change In Midlife. [02 May 2024]
  51. Air Pollution Could Potentially Exacerbate Menopause Symptoms, Study Says [01 May 2024]
  52. How Extreme Dieting Can Affect Bone Health [01 May 2024]
  53. MP23-19 Treatment Of Urge Incontinence In Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review [01 May 2024]
  54. Premature Menopause Linked To Increased Musculoskeletal Pain and Likelihood of Sarcopenia [01 May 2024]
  55. The Effectiveness of Psychosocial Interventions on Non-Physiological Symptoms of Menopause: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [01 May 2024]
  56. The Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials and Clinical Practice [01 May 2024]
  57. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183
  58. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Editorial
  59. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Original Article (s)
  60. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Review (s)
  61. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Special Issue Section: Challenging the Medical Paradigm To Reflect Menopausal Women’s Conditions; T. Simoncini, M. Caretto
  62. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Special Issue Section: Lifestyle Medicine and Integrative Oncology for Cancer Survivorship; S. Marshall, M. Crichton, I. Lambrinoudaki, L. Isenring
  63. Maturitas May 2024 Volume 183: Special Issue Section: Research Approaches for Achievement of Healthy Ageing
  64. May is Osteoporosis Awareness Month
    Menopause News 2024 What’s Hot
  65. May Is Pelvic Pain Awareness Month
  66. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – May 2024 – Volume 31 – Issue 5
  67. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – May 2024 – Volume 31 – Issue 5: Clinical Corner – Practice Pearl
  68. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – May 2024 – Volume 31 – Issue 5: Editorials
  69. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – May 2024 – Volume 31 – Issue 5: Original Studies
  70. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – May 2024 – Volume 31 – Issue 5: Reviews
  71. Menopause: The Journal of The Menopause Society – Videos
  72. Mental Health Month [May, United States]
  73. Sex Difference In the Association Between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Health-Related Quality of Life In Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Yilan Study, Taiwan [May 2024]
  74. The Association of Menopausal Hormone Levels With Progression-Related Biomarkers In Multiple Sclerosis [May 2024]

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Menopause News May 2024?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Menopause News May 2024?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

  1. EMAS News [European Menopause and Andropause Society]
  2. Knowledge and News on Women: OWH Blog [Office of Women’s Health, Food and Drug Administration, United States]
  3. Maturitas [European Menopause and Andropause Society]
  4. Menopause, The Journal of The Menopause Society [Formerly The North American Menopause Society]
  5. News [Australasian Menopause Society]
  6. News [British Menopause Society]
  7. News [International Menopause Society]
  8. News [Jean Hailes for Women’s Health, Australia]
  9. News [Women’s Health Concern, United Kingdom]
  10. Post Reproductive Health Journal [British Menopause Society]
  11. Press Releases [The Menopause Society]
  12. Video Gallery [Menopause, The Journal of The Menopause Society]

Topic Last Updated: 24 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 01 May 2024
/by

Autoimmune Diseases

“Women develop many types of autoimmune diseases much more often than men. And if you have one autoimmune disease, you are more likely to get another”.1

Umbrella

What may the Autoimmune Diseases Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Autoimmune Diseases/Disorders
  • Celiac Disease
  • Graves’ Disease
  • Guillain-Barre Syndrome
  • Hashimoto’s Disease
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Multiply Sclerosis
  • Myasthenia Gravis
  • Psoriasis
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis
  • Scleroderma
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
  • Type 1 Diabetes

Definition

What are autoimmune diseases?

DotS the definition of autoimmune diseases (ADs) may vary. The (United States) National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases’ (NIAMS) definition is:

“Your immune system is the network of cells and tissues in your body that work together to defend you from viruses, bacteria, and infection. It tries to identify and destroy the invaders that might hurt you.

In autoimmune diseases, proteins known as autoantibodies target the body’s own healthy tissues by mistake, signaling the body to attack them”.2

Types

What are some of the more common autoimmune diseases?

In Autoimmune Diseases the (United States) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) elaborate on:

“More than 80 diseases occur as a result of the immune system attacking the body’s own organs, tissues, and cells. Some of the more common autoimmune diseases include type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease”.3

In Autoimmune Diseases: In-Depth – Types of Autoimmune Diseases the NIAMS explain:

“There are several types of autoimmune diseases. These include the following:

  • Alopecia Areata…
  • Pemphigus…
  • Psoriasis…
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis…
  • Scleroderma…
  • Sjögren’s Syndrome…
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosus…
  • Vitiligo…”.4

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia

Are chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia, autoimmune diseases?

In Autoimmune Diseases – Are Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia Autoimmune Diseases? the Office on Women’s Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov (OWH) note:

“Chronic fatigue syndrome, also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis, or ME/CFS, and fibromyalgia (feye-broh-meye-AL-juh) (FM) are not autoimmune diseases. But they often have symptoms of some autoimmune disease, like being tired all the time and pain”.5

Cause

What causes autoimmune diseases?

The NIAID explain:

“Although the causes of many autoimmune diseases remain unknown, a person’s genes in combination with infections and other environmental exposures are likely to play a significant role in disease development. Treatments are available for many autoimmune diseases, but cures have yet to be discovered”.6

Common or Not

How common are autoimmune diseases?

In Autoimmune Diseases: How Common Are Autoimmune Diseases? the (United States) Cleveland Clinic elaborate on:

“Many autoimmune diseases are more common in women than in men. The diseases are common — 1 in 15 people in the U.S. have an autoimmune disease. One million people in the U.S. have lupus and 1.4 million have Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis”.7

Women

Is there an association between women and autoimmune diseases?

In Autoimmune Diseases: Summary – Who Is At Risk for Autoimmune Diseases? the (United States) MedlinePlus note:

Autoimmune Diseases“Women develop many types of autoimmune diseases much more often than men. And if you have one autoimmune disease, you are more likely to get another”.8

In Autoimmune Awareness Month: Facts About Autoimmune Diseases the Autoimmune Association note:

  • “80% of people living with autoimmune disease are female
  • Autoimmune disease tends to cluster in families. If one person in your family has an autoimmune disease, it’s likely that someone else does, too — although they might not have the same disease”.9

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have an autoimmune disease?

If you think you have an autoimmune disease it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Autoimmune Diseases – How Do I Find Out If I Have An Autoimmune Disease?  the OWH elaborate on:

“Getting a diagnosis can be a long and stressful process. Although each autoimmune disease is unique, many share some of the same symptoms. And many symptoms of autoimmune diseases are the same for other types of health problems too. This makes it hard for doctors to find out if you really have an autoimmune disease, and which one it might be. But if you are having symptoms that bother you, it’s important to find the cause. Don’t give up if you’re not getting any answers”.10

The OWH also note:

  • “Get a second, third, or fourth opinion if need be. If your doctor doesn’t take your symptoms seriously or tells you they are stress-related or in your head, see another doctor”.11

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Autoimmune Diseases?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Autoimmune Diseases Links?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 14 Psoriasis Self-Care Strategies
  2. 5 Common Autoimmune Diseases
    Autoimmune Diseases
  3. 7 Risk Factors for Autoimmune Disease
  4. A-Z- Disease List
  5. Aarda.org [American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association]
  6. Arthritis: Fibromyalgia
  7. Arthritis: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
  8. Autoimmune Awareness Month [March]
    Autoimmune Diseases
  9. Autoimmune Disease In Women
  10. Autoimmune Disease List
  11. Autoimmune Diseases
  12. Autoimmune Diseases
  13. Autoimmune Diseases
  14. Autoimmune Diseases
  15. Autoimmune Diseases
  16. Autoimmune Diseases
  17. Autoimmune Diseases Basics
  18. Autoimmune Diseases: What You Need To Know
  19. Autoimmune Disorders
  20. Autoimmune Organizations
  21. Autoimmune Pancreatitis
  22. Autoimmune vs Autoinflammatory Disease: A Comparative Look
  23. Autoimmune.org [Autoimmune Association, United States]
  24. Autoimmuneinstitute.org [Autoimmune Institute, United States]
  25. Can Vitamin D Supplements Prevent Autoimmune Disease?
  26. Celiac Disease
  27. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  28. Commonly Asked Questions About Autoimmune Diseases
  29. Coverage and Access Issues Affecting Women Living With Autoimmune Diseases
  30. Culinary Medicine: Autoimmunity and Healthful Eating
  31. Diabetes, Type 1 (T1D)
  32. Diagnosis Tips
  33. Improving Outcomes for Women with Autoimmune Diseases and ConditionsDisorders of the Immune System
  34. Doctors Who Diagnose & Treat Autoimmune Disease
  35. Does Psoriasis Spread on Your Body?
  36. Elevating the Impacts of Autoimmune Disease and Black Women’s Health
  37. Endometriosis
  38. Finding the Right Doctor
  39. Graves Disease
  40. Graves’ Disease (GD)
  41. Hashimoto Disease
  42. Hashimoto’s Disease
  43. How To Boost Your Immune System
  44. Immune System and Disorders
  45. Improving Outcomes for Women With Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions: A Call To Action
  46. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  47. Living Well With Lupus: A Toolkit for Women
  48. Lupus
  49. Lupus
  50. Mayo Clinic Minute: Psoriasis of the Scalp [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  51. Multiply Sclerosis
  52. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
  53. Myasthenia Gravis
  54. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  55. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Natural Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Safer, or Better
  56. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Women’s Health and Complementary Approaches
  57. Office of Autoimmune Disease Research (OADR-ORWH) [United States]
  58. Office of Dietary Supplements [United States]: Dietary Supplements for Immune Function and Infectious Diseases
  59. Plant Paradox Diet: Does It Work for Weight Loss?
  60. Pre-existing Conditions and Menopause [Video]
  61. Primary Immune Deficiency Diseases (PIDDs)
  62. Psoriasis
  63. Psoriasis
  64. Resource Center
  65. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
  66. SWHR Adds Lupus To the Women’s Health Equity Initiative
  67. Sjögren’s Syndrome: What You Need To Know
  68. Stress & Autoimmune Disease: Navigating the Complex Relationship
  69. Study Offers New Clues To Why Most People With Autoimmune Diseases Are Women
  70. Swhr.org [Society for Women’s Health Research, United States]
  71. Symptoms & Signs
  72. The Brain’s Journey During Pregnancy and Menopause: A Spotlight on Estradiol and the Immune System
  73. The Impact of Coverage Policies on Women With Autoimmune Diseases and Conditions
  74. Thyroid Disease
  75. Thyroid Diseases
  76. Understanding Autoimmune Diseases
  77. Utilization Management Policies and Autoimmune Diseases: A Women’s Health Issue
  78. Ultra-processed Foods: Here’s How They May Affect the Way the Immune System Functions
  79. Your Body’s Disease Defenses: Building and Boosting the Immune System
  80. What Is Autoimmunity?
  81. Why Do I Keep Getting Sick?
  82. Why Does Psoriasis Itch and How To Stop It
  83. Women & Autoimmunity

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Autoimmune Diseases: Summary. Last Updated: 26 January 2024. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/autoimmunediseases.html Accessed: 11 April 2024
  2. Autoimmune Diseases: Overview of Autoimmune Diseases. Last Reviewed: March 2023. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/autoimmune-diseases Accessed: 11 April 2024
  3. Autoimmune Diseases. Content Last Reviewed: 06 October 2022. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/autoimmune-diseases Accessed: 11 April 2024
  4. Autoimmune Diseases: In-Depth – Types of Autoimmune Diseases. Last Reviewed: March 2023. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/autoimmune-diseases/advanced#tab-types Accessed: 11 April 2024
  5. Autoimmune Diseases: Are Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia Autoimmune Diseases? Page Last Updated: 22 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html Accessed: 11 April 2024
  6. Autoimmune Diseases: Overview. Content Last Reviewed: 06 October 2022. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/autoimmune-diseases Accessed: 11 April 2024
  7. Autoimmune Diseases: How Common Are Autoimmune Diseases? Last Reviewed 21 July 2021. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21624-autoimmune-diseases Accessed: 11 April 2024
  8. Autoimmune Diseases: Summary – Who Is At Risk for Autoimmune Diseases? Last Updated: 26 January 2024. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/autoimmunediseases.html Accessed: 11 April 2024
  9. Autoimmune Diseases: How Do I Find Out If I Have An Autoimmune Disease? Page Last Updated: 22 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html Accessed: 11 April 2024
  10. Autoimmune Awareness Month: Facts About Autoimmune Diseases. Autoimmune Association https://autoimmune.org/autoimmune-awareness-month/ Accessed: 11 April 2024
  11. Autoimmune Diseases: How Do I Find Out If I Have An Autoimmune Disease? Page Last Updated: 22 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/autoimmune-diseases.html Accessed: 11 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 29 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 11 April 2024

/by

Hormone Therapy and SERMs

“SERMs is “shorthand” for a class of drug called
selective oestrogen receptor modulators.
They are a versatile group of drugs that can be used to…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Hormone Therapy and SERMs Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Bazedoxifene (BZA)
  • Evista (chemical name: Raloxifene (RLX))
  • Fareston (chemical name: Toremifene)
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  • Hormone Therapy (HT)
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)
  • Nolvadex
  • Oestrogen Agonist/Antagonists
  • Ospemifene
  • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)
  • Soltamox
  • Tamoxifen (TAM) (brand name: Soltamox)

SERMs

What are SERMs?

In SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management, content updated May 2023, the Australasian Menopause Society (AMS) explain:

“SERMs is “shorthand” for a class of drug called selective oestrogen receptor modulators”.2

In Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Overview – What Are Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)? the (United States) Cleveland Clinic note:

“Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are hormone therapies that manage how estrogen works in your body. SERMs such as tamoxifen (Nolvadex®, Soltamox®) and raloxifene (Evista®) are effective treatments for some types of breast cancer and osteoporosis”.3

Different Kinds of SERMs

What are different kinds of SERMs?

In SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management: Different Kinds of SERMs the AMS include:

  • “Tamoxifen…
  • Raloxifene…
  • Bazedoxifene…
  • Ospemifene…
  • Lasofoxifene…”.4

Treatment

What can SERMs be used to treat?

In SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management the AMS elaborate on:

“They are a versatile group of drugs that can be used to treat/ prevent several conditions such as osteoporosis, infertility and hormone responsive cancers. Within the SERM class, different compounds have differing agonist or antagonist effects at the oestrogen receptor in different tissues, therefore they are “selective””.5

In Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Overview – What Are Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)? How Do SERMs Work? the Cleveland Clinic note:

“SERMs are medical multitaskers. They block estrogen from connecting with breast cancer cells, keeping the cells from multiplying. At the same time, SERMs act like estrogen, boosting estrogen levels in your bones and preventing osteoporosis”.6

Vasomotor Symptoms

How effective are SERMs for the treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms (VMS) or hot flushes and night sweats?

On page one in Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats: Nonhormone Treatment Options – Recommended, published 17 July 2023, the North American Menopause Society explain:

  • “The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are effective in some, but not all, women with VMS. Paroxetine, 7.5 mg/day, has regulatory approval for VMS in the USA”.7

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Non-Hormonal Options With Evidence To Support Efficacy, published online 30 October 2023, the authors elaborate on:

“Fezolinetant is a neurokinin 3B receptor antagonist that acts centrally in the brain to reduce VMS. It may improve sleep quality by reducing nocturnal VMS. Fezolinetant has been approved for the treatment of VMS at a dose of 45 mg/day in some countries.

Low-dose oxybutynin has been found to be effective for treatment of VMS either as a standard low-dose or extended-release formulation.

Other potential, but probably less effective, options include clonidine and gabapentin/pregabalin”…8.

Health Care Provider

What if I choose to use SERMs?

If you choose to use SERMs, it may be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) the (United States) Breastcancer.org note:

Hormone Therapy and SERMs“If you’re having problematic side effects from taking a SERM, tell your doctor right away. You may be able to take a different dose or try a different hormonal therapy medicine”.9

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy and SERMs?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Hormone Therapy and SERMs?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. ACOG Explains: Managing Menopause Symptoms [American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists]
  2. BMS TV: Bioidentical Hormones
  3. Hormone Therapy and SERMsBMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  4. BMS TV: Menopause Explained
  5. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  6. Breastcancer.org [United States]
  7. Build Better Bones.org [International Osteoporosis Foundation]
  8. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  9. Dr Louise Newson: The Truth About the Menopause & HRT
  10. Evista
  11. Fareston
  12. HRT
  13. HRT – Types, Doses and Regimens
  14. HRT: Benefits and Risks
  15. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  16. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Benefits and Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  17. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  18. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video: What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Menopause?]
  19. How Menopause Impacts Your Health
  20. I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause. Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
  21. Is There Still A Role for SERMs In Menopause Management?
  22. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  23. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) [Other Languages and Formats] [+ Video: Is HRT Bad for You?]
  24. Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  25. Menopause
  26. Menopause
  27. Menopause
  28. Menopause Management Options
  29. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
  30. Menopause Mindfulness: Understanding the Many Paths To Menopause
  31. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  32. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 3. The Risks & Benefits of HRT
  33. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 4. The Different Types of HRT
  34. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Common Conditions Associated With Menopause and Midlife
  35. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
  36. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  37. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
  38. Menopause and Natural Therapies
  39. Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
  40. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  41. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact
  42. Natural Therapies
  43. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  44. Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats
  45. Pathtogoodbonehealth.org [Your Path To Good Bone Health, Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation, United States]
    Osteoporosis
  46. Raloxifene (Oral Route)
  47. Risks and Benefits of MHT
  48. SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management
  49. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)
  50. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)
  51. Tamoxifen
  52. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause
  53. The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
  54. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  55. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  56. Using Natural Therapies In the Menopause Transition – Webinar
  57. Video Series-2022: Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
  58. Video Series-2023: Lifestyle Modification and Prevention of Breast Cancer
  59. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  60. Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  61. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  62. Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Preventing Bone Loss At Menopause
  63. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: A Simple Approach To Menopause: The Menopause Quick Six (www.MQ6.ca)
  64. Webinars: Previous – Approach To Bone Health In the Perimenopause and Postmenopause?
  65. Webinars: Previous – Non-Hormonal Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  66. Webinars: Previous – The Early Menopausal Patient
  67. What Is Osteoporosis and What Causes It? [+ Video: What Is Osteoporosis]
  68. What Is Osteoporosis?

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management. Content Updated May 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/971-serms-their-role-in-menopause-management Accessed: 10 April 2024
  2. SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management. Content Updated May 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/971-serms-their-role-in-menopause-management Accessed: 10 April 2024
  3. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Overview – What Are Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)? Last Reviewed: 03 February 2023. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24732-selective-estrogen-receptor-modulators-serm Accessed: 10 April 2024
  4. SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management: Different Kinds of SERMs. Content Updated May 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/971-serms-their-role-in-menopause-management Accessed: 10 April 2024
  5. SERMs – Their Role In Menopause Management. Content Updated May 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/971-serms-their-role-in-menopause-management Accessed: 10 April 2024
  6. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Overview – What Are Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)? How Do SERMs Work? Last Reviewed: 03 February 2023. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/24732-selective-estrogen-receptor-modulators-serm Accessed: 10 April 2024
  7. Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats: Nonhormone Treatment Options – Recommended. 17 July 2023:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/default-document-library/nonhormone-treatment-menonote.pdf Accessed: 10 April 2024
  8. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Non-Hormonal Options With Evidence To Support Efficacy. First Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 10 April 2024
  9. Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs). Last Updated: 22 February 2023. Breastcancer.org https://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/hormonal-therapy/serms Accessed: 10 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 10 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 10 April 2024

/by

Menopause Management

“There are many ways to manage and treat menopausal
symptoms, depending on your own unique experience.
You might try different options before finding…”.1

Umbrella
What may the Menopause Management Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Healthy Menopause
  • Menopause Management
  • Menopause Management Choices/Options/Steps/Strategies/Tips
  • Menopause Self Management Strategies
  • Menopause Treatments

Different Differences

Is menopause symptom management one-size-fits-all?

In Menopause Management Options the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) explain:

“There are many ways to manage and treat menopausal symptoms, depending on your own unique experience. You might try different options before finding a treatment that works for you. It’s important to seek accurate and reliable information before you start any treatment”.2

Healthy Lifestyle

Can a healthy lifestyle improve menopause symptoms?

In Looking After Yourself the JH note:

“During menopause, it’s important to look after yourself. Healthy lifestyle choices will help to improve physical and emotional symptoms at every stage of menopause”.3

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause, published online 30 October 2023, the authors explain:

“The importance of improving lifestyle factors such as good nutrition, being physically active, cessation of smoking, limiting alcohol and stress management should be highlighted, as healthy behaviors confer benefits to all women”.4

On page one in the Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause, first published online 10 June 2022, the recommendations include:

  • “Women should be advised that implementing or maintaining a healthy lifestyle can improve menopause symptoms. A healthy diet (one low in saturated fat and salt and rich in calcium and vitamin D), stopping smoking, reducing alcohol intake and including regular exercise can be beneficial. Reducing caffeine intake may also improve symptoms.
  • Alternative therapies, including cognitive behavioural therapy, may also improve hot flushes, nights sweats and other menopausal symptoms and can be considered in women who do not wish to take HRT or have contraindications to taking HRT”.5

Symptom Management

What is some general advice for symptom management?

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: General Advice for Symptom Management the authors explain:

  • “Overweight and obesity, and smoking are risk factors for VMS. Weight reduction may result in reduced VMS in overweight women, and smoking cessation should be encouraged
  • Exercise, yoga and relaxation methods have not been found to be effective for VMS, but these activities may improve sleep and general well-being”.6

What is VMS?

VMS can be an abbreviation for Vasomotor Symptoms.

Treatments

What are some treatments to improve menopause symptoms?

In Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment the (United States) Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“Menopause requires no medical treatment. Instead, treatments focus on relieving your signs and symptoms and preventing or managing chronic conditions that may occur with aging. Treatments may include:

  • Hormone Therapy…
  • Vaginal Estrogen…
  • Low-Dose Antidepressants…
  • Gabapentin (Gralise, Horizant, Neurontin)…
  • Clonidine (Catapres, Kapvay)…
  • Fezolinetant (Veozah)…
  • Medications to prevent or treat osteoporosis”.7

Hormone Therapy

Is hormone therapy the most effective treatment to alleviate VMS?

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: Menopausal Hormone Therapy the authors elaborate on:

“The most robust menopause Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) support MHT as the most effective treatment to alleviate VMS.

There is general consensus on the following: …”.8

Questions To Ask

What are some questions to ask about menopause management?

In the NICE Guideline Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) include questions to ask about:

  • “Diagnosis…
  • About Menopause…
  • About Premature Menopause (Premature Ovarian Insufficiency)…
  • Lifestyle…
  • Treatment for Menopausal Symptoms…
  • For Family Members, Friends or Carers…”.9

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with my menopause management?

If you would like help with my menopause management, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In What Is Menopause? When To See Your Doctor the JH also note:

Menopause Management“Talk to your doctor if you are worried about:

  • Irregular periods
  • Heavy bleeding
  • Bleeding after menopause
  • Increase Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) symptoms
  • Menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, that interfere with your daily life”.10

In Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment the Mayo Clinic also encourage us to seek help:

“Before deciding on any form of treatment, talk with your doctor about your options and the risks and benefits involved with each. Review your options yearly, as your needs and treatment options may change”.11

In The Menopause: Conclusions the (British) Women’s Health Concern also note:

“Some women breeze through a problem-free menopause, but most experience some symptoms ranging from mild to severe. If you feel that you are struggling, advice and support is widely available. The important thing is to be aware of any changes and to consult your GP for advice. Whatever the symptoms, help is available in a range of ways.

Above all, bear in mind that your health is your responsibility and that you are in charge. This is a time when your body deserves some tender loving care”.12

Who is a GP?

Dots and/or DotC (Depending on the Country) a GP may be a registered general practitioner, a medical practitioner, a medical doctor or a doctor.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Menopause Management?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Menopause Management?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. A Pragmatic Approach To the Management of Menopause
  2. ACOG Explains: Managing Menopause Symptoms [American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists] [October 2023]
  3. Askearlymenopause.org [Ask EM] [+ Video: What Is Early Menopause?]
  4. BMS Statement on Testosterone [British Menopause Society]
  5. BMS TV: Bioidentical Hormones
  6. BMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  7. BMS TV: Menopause Explained
  8. BMS TV: Menopause – Weight Gain, Nutrition and Lifestyle
  9. BMS TV: Testosterone Explained
  10. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  11. CAMS Menopause Hour: A Practical  Approach To the Management of Menopause [Council of Affiliated Menopause Societies]
  12. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms
  13. Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy [Video]
  14. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  15. Dr Louise Newson: The Truth About the Menopause & HRT
  16. Emotional Wellness In Menopause
  17. Find A Menopause Practitioner [United States and Other]
  18. Find An AMS Doctor [Australasian Menopause Society i.e. Australia and New Zealand]
  19. Find Your Nearest BMS Menopause Specialist [British Menopause Society]
  20. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  21. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  22. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video: What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Menopause?]
  23. I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause: Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
  24. Is Menopause Making Me Put on Weight? No, But It’s Complicated
  25. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Early and Premature Menopause [+ Video: Menopause Only Happens In Your 50s]
  26. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Menopause [+ Video: Menopause]
  27. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Menopause and Your Mental Wellbeing [+ Video: Menopause Only Affects You Physically!]
  28. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Signs and Symptoms of Menopause [+ Video: Talking Menopause With Your GP]
  29. Let’s Talk About Perimenopause
  30. Management of Menopausal Symptoms: A Review
  31. Management of Menopause
  32. Managing Menopause
  33. Managing Menopause Symptoms With Nutrition and Diet
  34. Mastering Midlife Mood Changes With Marlene Freeman, MD
  35. Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  36. Mayo Clinic Minute: How Lifestyle Changes May Help Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
  37. Menopause
  38. Menopause
  39. Menopause
  40. Menopause
  41. Menopause Fact Sheet
  42. Menopause Management Options
  43. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
    Menopause Management
  44. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Symptom Tracker
    Menopause Management
  45. Menopause Mindfulness: Embracing the Change of My Midlife
  46. Menopause Mindfulness: Living Your Best Work-Life Through the Menopause Transition
  47. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  48. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 5. Lifestyle Advice In Menopause & Perimenopause
  49. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Lifestyle Tips for Menopause
  50. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Mindfulness & Wellbeing During the Menopause Transition
  51. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
  52. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
  53. Menopause Symptoms and Relief
  54. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  55. Menopause Treatments
  56. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
  57. Menopause Wellness Hub
  58. Menopause What Are the Symptoms?
  59. Menopause and Mental Health
  60. Menopause and Natural Therapies
  61. Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
  62. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment
  63. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  64. Menopause: Ensuring A Tranquil Transition
  65. Menopause: Things You Can Do
  66. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
  67. Mood and the Menopause
  68. Mymenoplan.org [My Menoplan, United States]
  69. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
  70. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  71. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  72. Night Sweats
  73. Non-Estrogen Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms
  74. Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats
  75. Perimenopause and Menopause Symptom Checklist
    Perimenopause Symptom Checklist
  76. Prosayla Supported By ISSWSH [International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health]
  77. Symptoms of Menopause
  78. The Menopause [Multiply Languages]
  79. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause
  80. The Reality of Menopause Weight Gain
  81. The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
  82. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  83. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  84. Using Natural Therapies In the Menopause Transition – Webinar
  85. Vaginal Dryness
  86. Vaginal Dryness: What To Do About It
  87. Video Series-2022: Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
  88. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  89. Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  90. Video Series-2023: Premature and Early Menopause
  91. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  92. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: A Simple Approach To Menopause: The Menopause Quick Six (www.MQ6.ca)
  93. Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife Women
  94. Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Preventing Bone Loss At Menopause
  95. Webinars: Previous – Approach To Bone Health In the Perimenopause and Postmenopause?
  96. Webinars: Previous – Non-Hormonal Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  97. What Doctors Wish Patients Knew About Menopause
  98. What Is Menopause? [+ Video]
  99. What Everyone Should Know About Menopause Symptoms
  100. Why Didn’t Anyone Tell Me This? Episode 3: Dr Annice Mukherjee: Your Essential Menopause Toolkit

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted above?

You may find the Sources at:

Sources

  1. Menopause Management Options. Last Updated: 19 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-management Accessed: 08 April 2024
  2. Menopause Management Options. Last Updated: 19 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-management Accessed: 08 April 2024
  3. Looking After Yourself. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022 Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/looking-after-yourself Accessed: 08 April 2024
  4. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause. First Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  5. Hamoda, H., Mukherjee, A., Morris, E., Baldeweg, S. E., Jayasena, C. N., Briggs, P., Moger, S. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause. First Published Online 10 June 2022:3-4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/20533691221104879 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  6. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: General Advice for Symptom Management. First Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  7. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 25 May 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353401 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  8. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Considerations for All Women At Menopause: Menopausal Hormone Therapy. First Published Online: 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  9. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause. Published Date: 12 November 2015. Last Updated: 05 December 2019. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/NG23/ifp/chapter/Questions-to-ask-about-menopause Accessed: 08 April 2024
  10. What Is Menopause? When To See Your Doctor. Last Updated: 18 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/about-menopause Accessed: 08 April 2024
  11. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 25 May 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/menopause/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353401 Accessed: 08 April 2024
  12. The Menopause: Conclusions. Publication Date: November 2022. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/help-and-advice/factsheets/menopause/ Accessed: 08 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 08 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 08 April 2024

/by

Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding

“Bleeding from your vagina after menopause is not normal.
If you have any bleeding, spotting or staining
after you reach menopause, talk to your doctor”.1

Umbrella

What may the Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Abnormal Bleeding
  • Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)
  • Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding (AVB)
  • Bleeding After Menopause
  • Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
  • Spotting
  • Postmenopausal Bleeding
  • Uterine Bleeding
  • Vaginal Bleeding

Definition

What is abnormal vaginal bleeding (AVB)?

Dots the definition of AVB may vary. In Vaginal Bleeding: Basics – Definition the (United States) Mayo Clinic’s definition is:

“Unusual vaginal bleeding is any vaginal blood that is different from your period. This might include small amounts of blood, also called spotting, between your periods. You might notice this on toilet tissue when you wipe. Or it could include a very heavy period. You know you have a very heavy period if blood is soaking through one or more tampons or pads every hour for more than four hours”.2

When

When is vaginal bleeding considered AVB or abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB)?

In FAQs: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding – When Is Bleeding Abnormal? the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) explain:

Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding“Bleeding in any of the following situations is considered abnormal uterine bleeding:

  • Bleeding or spotting between periods
  • Bleeding or spotting after sex
  • Heavy bleeding during your period
    • Bleeding that soaks through one or more tampons or pads every hour
    • Bleeding that lasts more than 7 days
  • Menstrual cycles that are longer than 35 days or shorter than 21 days
  • “Irregular” periods in which cycle length varies by more than 7–9 days
  • Not having a period for 3 to 6 months
  • Bleeding after menopause”.3

Postmenopausal Vaginal Bleeding

Is postmenopausal vaginal bleeding normal?

No. In What Is Menopause? Perimenopause, Menopause and Postmenopause: Vaginal and Vulval Health – Postmenopausal Bleeding the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health explain:


“Bleeding from your vagina after menopause is not normal. If you have any bleeding, spotting or staining after you reach menopause, talk to your doctor”.4

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have AVB?

If you think you have AVB, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Vagina: What’s Normal, What’s Not – What Are Signs or Symptoms of Vaginal Problems? the Mayo Clinic explain:

“Consult your health care provider if you notice:

  • A change in the color, odor or amount of vaginal discharge
  • Vaginal redness or itching
  • Vaginal bleeding between periods, after sex or after menopause
  • A mass or bulge in the vagina
  • Pain during intercourse”.5

In Postmenopausal Bleeding the NHS advise:

“See A GP If:

You have postmenopausal bleeding, even if:

  • It’s only happened once
  • There’s only a small amount of blood, spotting, or pink or brown discharge
  • You do not have any other symptoms
  • You’re not sure if it’s blood

Postmenopausal bleeding is not usually serious, but can be a sign of cancer. Cancer is easier to treat if it’s found early”.6

Who is a GP?

DotS and/or DotC (Depending on the Country) a GP may be a qualified and registered general practitioner, a medical practitioner, a medical doctor or a doctor.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to the Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. Abnormal Bleeding
  2. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Peri- and Postmenopausal Women
  3. About the Menstrual Cycle
  4. Bleeding After Menopause Could Be A Problem. Here’s What To Know
  5. Bleeding After Menopause: A Concern?
  6. Brown Discharge: 4 Causes and What It Means
  7. Cervical Cancer
  8. Endometrial Cancer
  9. Endometrial Cancer: Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging – Signs and Symptoms of Endometrial Cancer
  10. FAQs: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
  11. FAQs: Heavy Menstrual Bleeding
  12. FAQs: Perimenopausal Bleeding and Bleeding After Menopause
  13. FAQs: Vulvovaginal Health
  14. Foundationforwomenscancer.org [Foundation for Women’s Cancers, United States]
  15. Gynecologic Cancers
  16. Gynecologic Cancers: Symptoms of Gynecologic Cancers
  17. Gynecological Cancers
  18. Heavy Bleeding
  19. Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Bleeding
  20. Periods
  21. Postmenopausal Bleeding
  22. Postmenopausal Bleeding
  23. Signs and Symptoms of Endometrial Cancer
  24. The Most Common Warning Sign of Uterine Cancer
  25. Tips for Tracking Your Bleeding
  26. Uterine Bleeding: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
  27. Uterine Cancer Awareness
    Vaginal Bleeding and Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
  28. Uterine/Endometrial Cancer/GTD
  29. Vagina: What’s Normal, What’s Not
  30. Vaginal Bleeding
  31. Vaginal Bleeding Between Periods
  32. Vaginal Bleeding: Basics – Causes
  33. Vaginal Bleeding: Basics – When To See A Doctor
  34. Vaginal or Uterine Bleeding
  35. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  36. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Menopause and Abnormal Bleeding
  37. Webinars: Previous – Abnormal Uterine Bleeding In Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Women
  38. What Causes Bleeding Between Periods?
  39. You Need To Know [+ Video: Bleeding After the Menopause – An Important Message You Need To Know]
  40. Your Menstrual Cycle

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources at:

Sources

  1. What Is Menopause? Perimenopause, Menopause and Postmenopause: Vaginal and Vulval Health – Postmenopausal Bleeding. Last Updated: 18 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause Accessed: 07 April 2024
  2. Vaginal Bleeding: Basics – Definition. 02 May 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/vaginal-bleeding/basics/definition/SYM-20050756 Accessed: 07 April 2024
  3. FAQs: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding – When Is Bleeding Abnormal? Last Updated: December 2021. Last Reviewed: April 2023. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists https://www.acog.org/patient-resources/faqs/gynecologic-problems/abnormal-uterine-bleeding Accessed: 07 April 2024
  4. What Is Menopause? Perimenopause, Menopause and Postmenopause: Vaginal and Vulval Health – Postmenopausal Bleeding. Last Updated: 18 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/health-after-menopause Accessed: 07 April 2024
  5. Vagina: What’s Typical, What’s Not – What Are Signs or Symptoms of Vaginal Problems? 06 December 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/vagina/art-20046562 Accessed: 07 April 2024
  6. Postmenopausal Bleeding. Page Last Reviewed: 22 May 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/post-menopausal-bleeding/ Accessed: 07 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 07 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 07 April 2024

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Premenopause

“The term premenopause
refers to the phase of life
that precedes menopause”. Read more

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Hormone Therapy Side Effects

“Any side effects usually improve over time,
so it’s a good idea to carry on with your treatment
for at least 3 months if possible”.1

Umbrella
What may the Hormone Therapy Side Effects Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Estrogen
  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Side Effects
  • Hormone Therapy (HT) Side Effects
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) Side Effects
  • Oestrogen
  • Progestin/Progestogen

Side Effects or Not

Can hormone therapy (HT) have side effects?

Yes. In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) the (United Kingdom) NHS elaborate on:

“Like any medicine, the hormones used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can cause side effects. But it’s common to have no side effects or only mild ones.

Any side effects usually improve over time, so it’s a good idea to carry on with your treatment for at least 3 months if possible.

To help with side effects, a GP might suggest changing your dose, the type of HRT you take or how you take it. For example, switching from tablets to patches”.2

Who is a GP?

DotS and/or DotC (Depending on the Country) a GP may be a qualified and registered general practitioner, a medical practitioner, a medical doctor or a doctor.

Different Differences

Can the side effects of oestrogen differ from the side effects of progestogen?

Hormone Therapy Side EffectsHormone Therapy Side EffectsYes. In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) the NHS include the “Side Effects of Oestrogen” and the “Side Effects of Progestogen”.

In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Oestrogen Tablets, Patches, Gel and Spray the NHS include information about Brand names: Oestrogel, Evorel, Sandrena, Lenzetto, Estradot, Progynova.

Side Effects

What can are HT side effects include?

In Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) – Possible Side Effects of MHT the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) note:

“Everyone responds differently to MHT. Some women may not experience any side effects, while others may have:

  • Nausea
  • Fluid retention
  • Bloating
  • Breast enlargement and discomfort
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Weight gain.

Most symptoms settle within the first three months”.3

Side Effects of Oestrogen

What can side effects of oestrogen include?

In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Oestrogen the NHS explain

“Side effects of taking oestrogen can include:

  • Headaches
  • Breast pain or tenderness
  • Unexpected vaginal bleeding or spotting
  • Feeling sick (nausea)
  • Mood changes, including low mood or depression
  • Leg cramps
  • Mild rash or itching
  • Diarrhoea
  • Hair loss

They will often go away after a few weeks”.4

Side Effects of Progestogen

What can side effects of progestogen include?

In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Progestogen the NHS explain

“Side effects of taking progestogen can include:

  • Changes in your periods, including spotting or bleeding between periods
  • Headaches
  • Breast pain or tenderness
  • Feeling sick (nausea)
  • Diarrhoea
  • Feeling tired or dizzy
  • Mood changes, including low mood or depression
  • Mild rash or itchy skin
  • Acne

As with side effects of oestrogen, these will usually go away after a few weeks. There are things you can do to help cope with them”.5

Weight Gain

Is there an association between weight gain and HT?

In Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects – Weight Gain and HRT the NHS note:

“There’s little evidence that most types of HRT make you put on weight.

You may gain some weight during the menopause and as you get older, but this often happens whether you take HRT or not.

Exercising regularly and eating a healthy diet should help you to lose any unwanted weight”.6

Temporary or Not

Are HT side effects temporary?

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Managing Clinical Side Effects of MHT Therapy, published online 30 October 2023, the authors explain:

“Initiating treatment with low-dose MHT will minimize the likelihood of adverse effects. Common adverse effects of estrogen include nausea (mostly limited to oral therapy) and breast tenderness. Breakthrough bleeding is not unexpected in the first 3 months of continuous-combined estrogen–progestogen therapy, and occasionally heavy bleeding can occur. Progestogen therapy may cause low mood or irritability. When this occurs either the dose needs to be reduced or another progestogen tried. Micronized progesterone may improve sleep and sometimes causes somnolence, and so should be taken at bedtime. Changing from one regimen to another in many cases will alleviate adverse effects.

Potential adverse effects of tibolone include fluid retention, mild weight gain and initial vaginal bleeding or spotting”.7

Health Care Provider

What if I need help with my HT side effects?

If you need help with your HT side effects, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT): How Long Do You Need To Take MHT? the JH elaborate on:

Hormone Therapy Side effects“It can take around six months to find the right MHT. Once you’ve found an MHT that works for you, it’s important to review it with your doctor each year”.8

In The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Managing Clinical Side Effects of MHT Therapy the authors elaborate on:

“Optimally, women using systemic MHT should have a medical review at 3 months to assess symptom relief and side effects. This is also an opportunity to discuss any patient concerns and ensure correct use of the prescribed therapy”.9

In Postmenopausal Bleeding: Living With – When Should I Contact My Doctor? the (United States) Cleveland Clinic also note:

“Contact your healthcare provider if you experience any vaginal bleeding:

  • More than a year after your last menstrual period
  • More than a year after starting hormone replacement therapy (HRT)”.10

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy Side Effects?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Hormone Therapy Side Effects?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 20 Years of Data Lead To Changes In Perceptions, Usage of Menopausal HT
  2. BMS & WHC’s 2020 Recommendations on Hormone Replacement Therapy In Menopausal Women
  3. BMS TV: HRT and Bleeding
  4. BMS TV: Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  5. BMS TV: Testosterone Explained
  6. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  7. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms
  8. Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy [Video]
  9. Deciding About Hormone Therapy
  10. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  11. Dr Louise Newson: The Truth About the Menopause & HRT
  12. Find A Menopause Practitioner [United States and Other]
  13. Find An AMS Doctor [Australasian Menopause Society i.e. Australia and New Zealand]
  14. Find Your Nearest BMS Menopause Specialist [British Menopause Society]
  15. Guidance on Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  16. HRT
  17. HRT & Menopause Extra [Video]
  18. HRT – Types, Doses and Regimens
  19. HRT: Benefits and Risks – What You Should Know
  20. Hormone Replacement Therapy
  21. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  22. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) With Dr Nicky Peel & Prof. David Armstrong [Video]
  23. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Alternatives To Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  24. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Benefits and Risks of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  25. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Continuous Combined Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Tablets, Capsules and Patches – Side Effects of Continuous Combined HRT
  26. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Oestrogen Tablets, Patches, Gel and Spray – Side Effects of Oestrogen Tablets, Patches, Gel and Spray
  27. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Sequential Combined Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) Tablets and Patches – Side Effects of Sequential Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  28. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  29. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Tibolone – Side Effects of Tibolone
  30. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Utrogestan (Microsecond Progesterone) – Side Effects of Utrogestan
  31. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Vaginal Oestrogen – Side Effects of Vaginal Estrogen
  32. Hormone Therapy: Is It Right for You?
  33. I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause: Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
  34. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  35. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) [+ Video: Is HRT Bad for You?] [Other Languages and Formats]
  36. Managing Your Symptoms
  37. Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  38. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Breast Cancer Risk
  39. Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Venous Thromboembolism
  40. Menopausal Hormone Therapy, Heart Disease and Stroke
  41. Menopause
  42. Menopause
  43. Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (HRT)
  44. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools – Questions for Your Health Care Provider
    Hormone Therapy Side Effects
  45. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  46. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 3. The Risks & Benefits of HRT
  47. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 4. The Different Types of HRT
  48. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
  49. Menopause and HRT
  50. Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
  51. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment
  52. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Benefits and Risks of HRT [NICE Guideline]
  53. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  54. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP #256
  55. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  56. Perimenopausal and Postmenopausal Bleeding
  57. Questions To Ask Your GP About Menopause
  58. Side Effects of Hormone Therapy In Women
  59. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause
  60. The Lancet: Series From the Lancet Journals – Menopause 2024
  61. The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement
  62. The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
  63. The Women’s Health Initiative Randomized Trials and Clinical Practice
  64. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  65. Updated BMS Guidelines on Unscheduled Bleeding on HRT
  66. Vaginal Dryness
  67. Vaginal Dryness
  68. Video Series-2022: Hormone Therapy: Understanding the Risks and Benefits
  69. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  70. Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  71. Video Series-2023: Premature and Early Menopause
  72. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  73. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: A Simple Approach To Menopause: The Menopause Quick Six (www.MQ6.ca)
  74. Webinars: Previous – Non-Hormonal Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  75. What Are the Most Common Symptoms of Menopause? And Which Can Hormone Therapy Treat?
  76. Why Didn’t Anyone Tell Me This? Episode 3: Dr Annice Mukherjee: Your Essential Menopause Toolkit

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy. Page Last Reviewed: 03 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/side-effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/ Accessed: 04 April 2024
  2. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy. Page Last Reviewed: 03 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/side-effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/ Accessed: 04 April 2024
  3. Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) – Possible Side Effects of MHT: Break Through Bleeding. Last Updated: 19 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-management Accessed: 04 April 2024
  4. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy – Side Effects of Oestrogen. Page Last Reviewed: 03 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/side-effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/ Accessed: 04 April 2024
  5. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects of Hormone Replacement Therapy – Side Effects of Progestogen. Page Last Reviewed: 03 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/side-effects-of-hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/ Accessed: 04 April 2024
  6. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Side Effects – Weight Gain and HRT. Page Last Reviewed: 03 January 2023. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/side-effects/ Accessed: 04 April 2024
  7. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Managing Clinical Side Effects of MHT Therapy. First Published Online 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 04 April 2024
  8. Menopause Management Options: Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) – How Long Do You Need To Take MHT? Last Updated: 19 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-management Accessed: 04 April 2024
  9. Davis, S. R., Taylor, S., Hemachandra, C., Magraith, K., Ebeling, P. R., Jane, F., and Islam, R. M. The 2023 Practitioner’s Toolkit for Managing Menopause: Management – Effectiveness: Managing Clinical Side Effects of MHT Therapy. First Published Online 30 October 2023 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13697137.2023.2258783 Accessed: 04 April 2024
  10. Postmenopausal Bleeding: Living With – When Should I Contact My Doctor? Last Reviewed: 26 May 2021. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21549-postmenopausal-bleeding Accessed: 04 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 19 May 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 04 April 2024

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Endocrine Society

“Endocrine Society is a global community of physicians and scientists dedicated to accelerating scientific breakthroughs and improving patient health and well being”.1

Umbrella
What may the Endocrine Society Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Endocrine Society
  • Hormone Health Network

Endocrine Society

What is the (United States) Endocrine Society?

In Endocrine Society the Endocrine Society explain:

Endocrine Society“Endocrine Society is a global community of physicians and scientists dedicated to accelerating scientific breakthroughs and improving patient health and well being”.2

Health Care Provider

What if I think I need to see an endocrinologist?

If you think you need to see an endocrinologist, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about a referral to an endocrinologist.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to the Endocrine Society?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Endocrine Society?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

  1. An Endocrine Society Thematic Issue: Women’s Health 2022
  2. Endocrine Library
  3. Endocrine Society Scientific Statement Distinguishes Normal Aging From Endocrine Disease [16 June 2023]
  4. Endocrine Society [United States]
  5. Endocrine Society [United States]: Patient Engagement
  6. Endocrine Topics
  7. Find An Endocrinologist
  8. Hormones and Endocrine Function
  9. Menopause
  10. Menopause Map
  11. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
    Endocrine Society
  12. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Symptom Tracker
    Endocrine Society
  13. Multilingual Resources

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Endocrine Society. Endocrine Society https://www.endocrine.org/ Accessed: 03 April 2024
  2. Endocrine Society. Endocrine Society https://www.endocrine.org/ Accessed: 03 April 2024
Topic Last Updated: 03 April 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 03 April 2024

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