“Hormone therapy is one of the most effective treatments
available for bothersome hot flashes and night sweats.
If hot flashes and night sweats are disrupting your…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Hormone Therapy and Hot Flushes Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)
  • Hormone Therapy (HT)
  • Hot Flashes
  • Hot Flushes
  • Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT)

Hormone Therapies

What are hormone therapies?

DotS the definition of hormone therapies may vary. The Menopause Society’s (formerly the North American Menopause Society) definition is:

“Hormone therapies (HT), sometimes mistakenly called hormone replacement therapy, are the prescription drugs used most often to treat menopause symptoms such as hot flashes and genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), which includes vaginal dryness after menopause”.2

Preparations

What are some hormone therapy (HT) preparations to relieve hot flushes?

On page one in Menopausal Hormone Therapy the European Menopause and Andropause Society explain:

“Various menopausal hormonal preparations are available. Different routes of administration can be used for individual hormones. The routes of administration for estrogen are oral, transdermal (patches, gels and spray), subcutaneous (implants) and vaginal. The availability of individual preparations varies worldwide”.3

Effective or Not

How effective is HT for the treatment of hot flushes?

On page one in Hormone Therapy, published September 2024, the Menopause Society elaborate on:

Hormone Therapy and Hot Flushes“Hormone therapy is FDA-approved as a first-line therapy for the relief of bothersome hot flashes and is shown to be the most effective treatment. In particular, the benefits particularly outweigh the risks for HT when used in early menopause to relieve vasomotor symptoms (VMS), hot flashes, night sweats, and sleep disturbances”.4

Potential Benefits

Do the potential benefits of HT outweigh the potential risks when taking HT for the treatment of hot flushes?

In Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Diagnosis: Treatment the (United States) Mayo Clinic note:

“The most effective way to relieve the discomfort of hot flashes is to take estrogen, but taking this hormone carries risks. If estrogen is appropriate for you and you start it within 10 years of your last menstrual period or before age 60, the benefits can be greater than the risks”.5

Potential Risks

What are the potential risks when taking HT for the treatment of hot flushes?

In Hormone Therapy: Is Hormone Therapy Safe? the Menopause Society explain:

“For most women, experts agree that HT helps to control moderate to severe menopause symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness within 10 years of menopause and up to age 59 years. Also, women should use the lowest dose for the shortest amount of time needed to keep the symptoms under control.

You and your healthcare professional need to balance your individual benefits and risks based on your medical history. For example, if you don’t have a uterus and can take ET alone, your risks are different from those women who still have a uterus and must use EPT to protect against uterine cancer”.6

What is ET?

ET can be an abbreviation for Estrogen Therapy.

What is EPT?

EPT can be an abbreviation for Estrogen Plus Progestogen Therapy.

Health Care Provider

What if I choose to use HT for my hot flushes?

If you choose to use HT for your hot flushes, it may be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

On page two in the Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause, first published online 10 June 2022, one of the recommendations is:

  • “The decision whether to take HRT, the dose and duration of its use should be made on an individualised basis after discussing the benefits and risks with each patient. This should be considered in the context of the overall benefits obtained from using HRT including symptom control and improving quality of life as well as considering the bone and cardiovascular benefits associated with HRT use. Discussions with women should also cover aspects such as when to consider stopping HRT and how this can be done (by gradually reducing the dose of HRT). No arbitrary limits should be set on age or duration of HRT intake”.7

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Hormone Therapy and Hot Flushes?

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Links

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Sources

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Sources

  1. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use: Potential Benefits. 2022:1. Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/professional/menonote-deciding-about-ht-2022.pdf Accessed: 29 September 2024
  2. Hormone Therapy. Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/hormone-therapy Accessed: 29 September 2024
  3. Menopausal Hormone Therapy. 2022: 1. European Menopause and Andropause Society https://emas-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Menopausal-hormone-therapy.pdf Accessed: 29 September 2024
  4. Hormone Therapy: What Is Hormone Therapy? 2024. Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/hormone-therapy Accessed: 29 September 2024
  5. Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Diagnosis: Treatment. 12 December 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hot-flashes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352795 Accessed: 29 September 2024
  6. Hormone Therapy: Is Hormone Therapy Safe? Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/hormone-therapy Accessed: 29 September 2024
  7. Hamoda, H, Mukherjee, A, Morris, E, Baldeweg, S. E., Jayasena, C. N., Briggs, P, Moger, S. Optimising the Menopause Transition: Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause. First Published Online 10 June 2022:2 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20533691221104882 Accessed: 29 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 29 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 29 September 2024

“It’s very important to talk with your cancer care team about
what to expect, and continue to talk about
what’s changing or has changed in your sexual life”.1

Umbrella

What may the Sexual Health and Women and Cancer Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Cancer, Sex and Sexuality
  • Sexuality for the Woman With Cancer

Cancer and Sex

How can having cancer and cancer treatment affect sex, sexuality and intimacy?

In Sexual Health Issues In Women With Cancer the (United States) National Cancer Institute elaborate on:

“Women being treated for cancer may experience changes that affect their sexual life during, and sometimes after, treatment. While you may not have the energy or interest in sexual activity that you did before treatment, feeling close to and being intimate with your spouse or partner is probably still important”.2

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body the American Cancer Society (ACS) explain:

“Sex, sexuality, and intimacy are just as important for people with cancer as they are for people who don’t have cancer. In fact, sexuality and intimacy have been shown to help people face cancer by helping them deal with feelings of distress, and when going through treatment. But, the reality is that a person’s sex organs, sexual desire (sex drive or libido), sexual function, well-being, and body image can be affected by having cancer and cancer treatment. How a person shows sexuality can also be affected”.3

Dyspareunia

What is dyspareunia?

In Women’s Wellness: Sexual Health After Cancer [+ Video] a (United States) Mayo Clinic general internal medicine physician elaborates on:

““Dyspareunia is the medical term for the pain that a lot of women will experience after cancer treatment, especially if their hormones have been affected. The loss of estrogen, specifically, often will result in changes in the vaginal mucosa,” Dr. Thielen explains. “The cells are not able to lubricate like they should, and we lose elasticity of those vaginal walls, too. So subsequently, there can be pain””.4

Step One

What is the first step in addressing how cancer and cancer treatment can affect sex, sexuality and intimacy?

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer [+ Images]: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 1st Step: Good Communication the ACS elaborate on:

“The first step is to bring up the topic of sex with your doctor or someone on your partner and cancer care team. It’s very important to talk with your cancer care team about what to expect, and continue to talk about what’s changing or has changed in your sexual life as you go through procedures, treatments, and follow-up care. This includes letting them know what over-the-counter and prescription medications, vitamins, or supplements you may be taking because they might interfere with treatments”.5

Questions To Ask

What are some questions to ask?

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer [+ Images]: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 1st Step: Good Communication: Questions To Ask the ACS include:


Sexual Health and Women and Cancer“You probably have certain questions and things you’re wondering about. Here are some you may want to ask your doctor or nurse these questions you can use to jump start talks with your cancer care team about having sex during and after treatment:

  • How might treatment affect my sex life?
  • Is it safe to have sex now? If not, when will it be OK to have sex?
  • Are there any types of sex I should avoid?
  • Do I need birth control or other protection during treatment? How about afterwards? For how long?
  • Can my medications or treatment be passed to my partner through my body fluids?
  • What safety measures do I need to take, and for how long? What birth control should I use? For how long?”6

Where may I find more questions to ask?

You may find more questions to ask in Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer [+ Images]: Questions Adult Females Have About Cancer and Sex.

Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) or Gender Non-Conforming

What if a person is lesbian, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) or gender non-conforming?

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer [+ Image]: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body the ACS note:

“If you are lesbian, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) or gender non-conforming, you may have needs that are not addressed here. It’s very important to talk to your cancer care team and give them information about your sexual orientation and gender identity, including what gender you were at birth, how you describe yourself now, any procedures you’ve had done, or hormone treatments you may have taken or are taking”.7

Partners

How may partners help?

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer [+ Images]: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 3rd Step: Keep Talking and Work Together To Manage Problems the ACS elaborate on:

“…during and after cancer treatment, there may be times when the kind of sex you like best is not possible. Those times can be a chance to learn new ways to give and receive sexual pleasure. You and your partner can help each other reach orgasm through touching and stroking. At times, just cuddling can be pleasurable. You could also continue to enjoy touching yourself. Do not stop sexual pleasure just because your usual routine has been changed”.8

Health Care Provider

What if a person is not asked about their sexual health concerns?

If a person is not asked about their sexual health concerns, it may be in their best interest to choose to talk to their health care providers about this.

In Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Managing Female Sexual Problems Related To Cancer – Ask About Possible Changes In Sexuality From Treatment the ACS explain:

“It’s very important to talk about what to expect, and continue to talk about what’s changing or has changed in your sexual life as you go through procedures, treatments, and follow-up care. Don’t assume your doctor or nurse will ask about any concerns you have about sexuality. Remember, if they don’t know about a problem you’re having, they can’t help you manage it. Here are some ways you can start talks with your cancer care team about the problems you might be having”.9

In Sex & Intimacy After Cancer: Talk To Your Health Care Team the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health explain:

“For some women, talking to your doctor about sexual side effects can be embarrassing and not all doctors are comfortable with it. You can ask to be referred to a specialist or talk to other members of your healthcare team who you feel more comfortable with. It may also be easier to write down your questions and bring them to your appointment”.10

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Sexual Health and Women and Cancer?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Sexual Health and Women and Cancer?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted:

Sources

  1. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  2. Sexual Health Issues In Women With Cancer. 29 December 2022. National Cancer Institute https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/sexuality-women Accessed: 27 September 2024
  3. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  4. Women’s Wellness: Sexual Health After Cancer Treatment. 11 March 2020. Mayo Clinic https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/womens-wellness-sexual-health-after-cancer-treatment/ Accessed: 27 September 2024
  5. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 1st Step: Good Communication. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  6. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 1st Step: Good Communication – Questions To Ask. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  7. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  8. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Cancer, Sex, and the Female Body – The 3rd Step: Keep Talking and Work Together To Manage Problems. Last Revised: 06 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/cancer-sex-sexuality.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
  9. Sex and the Adult Female With Cancer: Managing Female Sexual Problems Related To Cancer – Ask About Possible Changes In Sexuality From Treatment. Last Revised: 05 February 2020. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/physical-side-effects/fertility-and-sexual-side-effects/sexuality-for-women-with-cancer/problems.html Accessed: 27 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 27 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 27 September 2024

“All women face certain health risks. But there are
some specific health concerns that lesbians and other
women who have sex with women need to be aware of”.1

Umbrella

What may the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex+ Health Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Bi
  • Bisexual
  • Gay
  • Intersex
  • Lesbian
  • LGBTQIA+ Health
  • Questioning
  • Transgender
  • Trans

LGBTQIA+ Community

Who may members of the LGBTQIA+ community include?

In LGBTQIA+ Health: Summary the (United States) MedlinePlus explain:

“Members of the LGBTQIA+ community include people who are

  • Lesbian
  • Gay
  • Bisexual
  • Transgender
  • Queer or Questioning
  • Intersex
  • Asexual
  • Elsewhere on the gender and sexuality spectrum or allies to the community”.2

Health Concerns

What specific health concerns that lesbians and other women who have sex with women need to be aware of?

In Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women the (United States) Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“All women face certain health risks. But there are some specific health concerns that lesbians and other women who have sex with women need to be aware of.

Individual health risks are shaped by many factors beyond sexual orientation and sexual behavior, including family history and age. But it’s important for lesbians and other women who have sex with women to understand the following health issues and take steps to stay healthy”.3

Mental Health

What mental health concerns may women who have sex with women experience?

In Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Address Mental Health Concerns the Mayo Clinic note:

“Women who have sex with women may be at a higher risk of depression and anxiety than are other women. This might be due to discrimination, rejection by loved ones, weak social connections, abuse or violence. The problem might be more severe for those who haven’t told others about their sexual orientation or for those who don’t have support from friends or family.

If you’re concerned about your mental health, talk to your health care provider or to a mental health provider. If you’re hesitant to seek treatment, consider talking with a trusted friend or loved one. Sharing your feelings could be the first step toward getting help”.4

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Can sexually transmitted infections spread between women?

In Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Protect Against Sexually Transmitted Infections the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“Certain sexually transmitted infections can spread between women. Examples of those infections include human papillomavirus (HPV), bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. Oral sex and other sexual behavior, especially with sex toys, may lead to infections. Female sexual contact may spread HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. There’s no cure for HIV/AIDS and some other sexually transmitted infections, such as genital herpes. But treatment is available”.5

Routine Screenings

What routine screenings are recommended?

In Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Make Health Care A Priority the Mayo Clinic explain:

“Also, ask your health care provider about routine screenings recommended for people in your age group. Those may include blood pressure and cholesterol measurements, as well as screenings for breast, cervical and ovarian cancers. If you’re not in a long-term relationship with one sexual partner, schedule regular screenings for sexually transmitted infections”.6

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with my health?

If you would like help with your health, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this. Together you can discuss your options and if required, agree on who may be the most appropriate health care provider to help you.

In Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Make Health Care A Priority the Mayo Clinic note:

“Concern about homophobia and the stigma sometimes associated with homosexuality may prevent some lesbians from getting routine health care. But it’s important that you get the care you need.

Look for a health care provider who understands your concerns and puts you at ease. For you to get high-quality health care, it’s important that your provider knows and understands your sexual orientation and sexual behavior. So it’s crucial that you feel comfortable talking honestly with your health care provider”.7

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex+ Health?

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Links

Where may I find Links related to Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex+ Health?

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Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

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Sources

  1. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
  2. LGBTQIA+ Health: Summary. Last Updated: 25 March 2024. MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/lgbtqhealth.html Accessed: 26 September 2024
  3. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
  4. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Address Mental Health Concerns. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
  5. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Protect Against Sexually Transmitted Infections. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
  6. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Make Health Care A Priority. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
  7. Health Issues for Lesbians and Other Women Who Have Sex With Women: Make Health Care A Priority. 25 January 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/health-issues-for-lesbians/art-20047202 Accessed: 26 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 26 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 26 September 2024

“No over-the-counter (OTC) dietary supplement
or herbal therapy has been found to be effective
on menopause symptoms”.1

Umbrella

What may the Dietary Supplements Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Dietary Supplements
  • Nutritional Supplements
  • Supplements
  • Vitamins and Minerals

Definition

What is a dietary supplement?

DotS the definition of a dietary supplement may vary. In Dietary Supplements Questions and Answers: What Is A Dietary Supplement? the (United States) Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) definition is:

“A dietary supplement is a product taken by mouth that contains a “dietary ingredient” intended to supplement or enhance the diet. The “dietary ingredients” in these products may include: vitamins, minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, and substances such as enzymes, organ tissues, glandulars, and metabolites. Dietary supplements can also be extracts or concentrates, and may be found in many forms such as tablets, capsules, soft gels, gel caps, liquids, or powders”.2

Foods or Drugs

Can dietary supplements be “foods” not drugs?

Depending on the Country this may vary. In Dietary Supplements Questions and Answers: What Is A Dietary Supplement? the FDA explain for the United States:

“Whatever their form may be, the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 places dietary supplements in a special category under the general umbrella of “foods,” not drugs, and requires that every supplement be labeled a dietary supplement”.3

Types

What are types of dietary supplements?

The (United States) Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) explain:

“In addition to vitamins, dietary supplements can contain minerals, herbs or other botanicals, amino acids, enzymes, and many other ingredients”.4

Forms

What forms may dietary supplements come in?

In Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know the ODS note:

“Dietary supplements come in a variety of forms, including tablets, capsules, gummies, and powders, as well as drinks and energy bars”.5

Popular

What are popular dietary supplements?

In Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know the ODS explain:

“Popular supplements include vitamins D and B12; minerals like calcium and iron; herbs such as echinacea and garlic; and products like glucosamine, probiotics, and fish oils”.6

Safe or Not

Are dietary supplements safe?

In Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms? the North American Menopause Society (NAMS) also note:

“A. …Because normal FDA regulations for prescription or OTC drugs do not apply to dietary supplements, demonstrating safety is not required before a dietary supplement is put on the market. Although a number of manufacturers do employ rigorous quality-control measures, many products are not monitored for purity or levels of active ingredients”.7

In Using Dietary Supplements Wisely: What the Science Says About the Safety and Side Effects of Dietary Supplements the (United States) National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health caution:

  • “Some dietary supplements may harm you if you have a particular medical condition or risk factor or are taking certain prescription or over-the-counter medications. For example, the herbal supplement St. John’s wort makes many medications less effective”.8

Menopause Symptoms

Are dietary supplements effective on menopause symptoms?

In Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms? the NAMS elaborate on:

Dietary Supplements “A. No over-the-counter (OTC) dietary supplement or herbal therapy has been found to be effective on menopause symptoms. If you still want to try a dietary supplement for your hot flashes, you must continue only with the appropriate oversight of your healthcare provider”.9

Record

Is it a good idea to keep a record of the dietary supplements I choose to take?

Yes. In Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know – Talk With Your Health Care Providers the ODS explain:

“Keep a complete record of any dietary supplements and medicines you take. The Office of Dietary Supplements website has a useful form, “My Dietary Supplement and Medicine Record,” that you can print and fill out at home. For each product, note the name, the dose you take, how often you take it, and the reason for use. You can share this record with your health care providers to discuss what’s best for your overall health”.10

Health Care Provider

What if I choose to take dietary supplements?

If you choose to take dietary supplements it may also be in your best interest to also choose to tell all your health care providers you are doing this.

On page four in Complementary & Alternate Therapies: Complementary and Alternative Therapies – “But people say it works …”. the (British) Women’s Health Concern note:

“It is most important for your healthcare professional to offer you an individualised approach. We are realising more and more that the powerful placebo effect from almost every menopause intervention (which can be at the 50-60 percent level) may be due to improved brain chemical messengers which are generated because you believe that the treatment option will be effective. For you, as an individual, it may work. Always bear in mind the cost of the treatment option and the fact that some supplements or therapies may also carry risk or side effects”.11

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Dietary Supplements?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Dietary Supplements?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-hot-flashes Accessed: 05 March 2024
  2. Dietary Supplements Questions and Answers: What Is A Dietary Supplement? Content Current As of: 07 January 2015. Food and Drug Administration https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/QuestionsAnswers/ucm100102.htm Accessed: 26 September 2024
  3. Dietary Supplements Questions and Answers: What Is A Dietary Supplement? Content Current As of: 07 January 2015. Food and Drug Administration https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/QuestionsAnswers/ucm100102.htm Accessed: 26 September 2024
  4. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Reviewed: 04 January 2023. Office of Dietary Supplements https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/DS_WhatYouNeedToKnow.aspx/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  5. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Reviewed: 04 January 2023.Office of Dietary Supplements https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/DS_WhatYouNeedToKnow.aspx/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  6. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Reviewed: 04 January 2023. Office of Dietary Supplements https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/DS_WhatYouNeedToKnow.aspx/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  7. Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-hot-flashes Accessed: 05 March 2024
  8. Using Dietary Supplements Wisely: What the Science Says About the Safety and Side Effects of Dietary Supplements. Last Updated: January 2019. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/using-dietary-supplements-wisely Accessed: 26 September 2024
  9. Menopause FAQs: Hot Flashes – Q. Is it safe to take dietary supplements or herbal therapies for my menopause symptoms? North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/for-women/menopause-faqs-hot-flashes Accessed: 05 March 2024
  10. Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know – Talk With Your Health Care Providers. Reviewed: 04 January 2023. Office of Dietary Supplements https://ods.od.nih.gov/HealthInformation/DS_WhatYouNeedToKnow.aspx/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  11. Complementary & Alternate Therapies: Complementary and Alternative Therapies – “But people say it works …”. Publication Date: November 2023:4. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/03-WHC-FACTSHEET-Complementary-And-Alternative-Therapies-NOV2022-B.pdf Accessed: 26 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 19 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 05 March 2024

“Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to
the lining inside the uterus (called “the endometrium”),
is found outside the uterus, where it induces…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Endometriosis Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Endo
  • Endometriosis

Definition

What is endometriosis?

DotS the definition of endometriosis may vary. In Endometriosis: What Is Endometriosis? the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) definition is:

“Endometriosis is a condition where cells similar to those that line the uterus grow in other areas of your body, especially around your ovaries and uterus”.2

In Endometriosis the World Endometriosis Society’s definition is:

“Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus (called “the endometrium”), is found outside the uterus, where it induces a chronic inflammatory reaction that may result in scar tissue. It is primarily found on the pelvic peritoneum, on the ovaries, in the recto-vaginal septum, on the bladder, and bowel”.3

Cause

What causes endometriosis?

In Endometriosis: Causes the (Scottish) NHS Inform explain:

“The exact cause of endometriosis is unknown. It’s sometimes believed to be genetic. That means if someone in your family has the condition, it’s more likely you may have it too”.4

Common or Not

How common is endometriosis?

In Facts About Endometriosis, 2009 and 2010 statistics quoted by the World Endometriosis Society; and World Endometriosis Research Foundation in September 2015 include:

“Endometriosis affects an estimated 1 in 10 women during their reproductive years (ie. usually between the ages of 15 to 49), which is approximately 176 million women in the world”.5

In Endometriosis, 2011 statistics quoted by the Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov note:

“It may affect more than 11% of American women between 15 and 44”.6

In Endometriosis: What Is Endometriosis? last updated 27 February 2024, the JH note:

“This condition affects about one in seven women of reproductive age”.7

Diagnosis

How is endometriosis diagnosed?

In Endometriosis Treatment and Support: How Can Endometriosis Be Diagnosed? the (United States) Endometriosis Foundation elaborate on:

“There are a number of diagnostic tools that physicians use that may raise suspicion of endometriosis, but the only definitive method of diagnosis is through minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery and biopsy of affected tissue. If you suspect you have endometriosis, ask your physician about these different diagnostic tools (see below). Don’t be afraid to get a second opinion if you feel that you need more information about endometriosis diagnosis”.8

Look for A Pattern

If I think I have endometriosis how may I look for a pattern?

In Endometriosis: Diagnosis – When To See Your Doctor the JH elaborate on:

“It’s a good idea to keep a diary of your symptoms. This will help your doctor or gynaecologist find out what is wrong. Your doctor may ask questions about:

  • Your periods: for example, if your periods are regular and if you have heavy bleeding
  • Period pain: for example, where you have pain, how long the pain lasts…
  • Other pain: for example, if you have pain during or after sex…
  • Other symptoms: for example, if you have constipation, diarrhoea or bloating…
  • Family history: for example, if any family members have had endometriosis
  • Pregnancy: for example, if you have ever tried to get pregnant”.9

Management

What may endometriosis management include?

On page one in Induced Menopause In Women With Endometriosis – For Women the (British) Women’s Health Concern elaborate on:

“Women with endometriosis may be treated with lifestyle changes, medications or surgery to help control the symptoms and severity of the disease”.10

In About Endometriosis: Symptoms of Endometriosis the Endometriosis.org elaborate on:

“For many women, management of this disease may be a long-term process. Therefore, it is important to educate yourself, take the time to find a good doctor, and consider joining a local support group”.11

Induced Menopause

Can some endometriosis treatments result in induced menopause?

On page one in Induced Menopause In Women With Endometriosis – For Women the Women’s Health Concern also note:

“Some of the medical treatments offered can cause women to feel like they are going through the menopause. Some women choose to have surgery involving removing both ovaries. In both of these situations, women can experience a sudden onset of menopause symptoms which can range in severity. There is evidence to suggest that providing women with information of what to expect can help their mental and physical wellbeing (NICE Quality Standards)”.12

Menopause

Is there an association between menopause and endometriosis?

In Endometriosis: Does Endometriosis Go Away After Menopause? Womenshealth.gov explain:

“For some women, the painful symptoms of endometriosis improve after menopause. As the body stops making the hormone estrogen, the growths shrink slowly. However, some women who take menopausal hormone therapy may still have symptoms of endometriosis.

If you are having symptoms of endometriosis after menopause, talk to your doctor about treatment options”.13

In Endometriosis: Symptoms and Causes – Symptoms During the Menopause Transition the JH explain:

“Most women with endometriosis have the same experience at menopause as other women. Menopause symptoms can range from no symptoms to severe symptoms.

But some women with endometriosis may experience increased pelvic pain in the lead-up to menopause. Your doctor can help you manage these symptoms if they develop – or return – at this stage of life. While uncommon, endometriosis can return with the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT)”.14

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have endometriosis?

If you think you have endometriosis, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Endometriosis: Diagnosis – When To See Your Doctor the JH elaborate on:

“It’s not OK or normal to have severe period pain. If you think you have endometriosis, see your doctor as soon as possible, as early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the severity of the condition”.15

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Endometriosis?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Endometriosis?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Endometriosis. Page Last Updated: 06 May 2021. World Endometriosis Society https://endometriosis.ca/endometriosis/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  2. Endometriosis: What Is Endometriosis? Last Updated: 27 February 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 February 2024. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/endometriosis/what-is-endometriosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
  3. Endometriosis. Page Last Updated: 06 May 2021. World Endometriosis Society https://endometriosis.ca/endometriosis/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  4. Endometriosis: Causes. Last Updated: 19 September 2024. NHS Inform https://www.nhsinform.scot/healthy-living/womens-health/girls-and-young-women-puberty-to-around-25/periods-and-menstrual-health/endometriosis/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  5. Facts About Endometriosis. September 2015. World Endometriosis Society; and World Endometriosis Research Foundation https://endometriosisfoundation.org/Facts-about-endometriosis.pdf Accessed: 26 September 2024
  6. Endometriosis. Page Last Updated: 22 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/endometriosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
  7. Endometriosis: What Is Endometriosis? Last Updated: 27 February 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 February 2024. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/endometriosis/what-is-endometriosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
  8. Endometriosis Treatment and Support: How Can Endometriosis Be Diagnosed? Endometriosis Foundation https://www.endofound.org/endometriosis-treatment-support Accessed: 26 September 2024
  9. Endometriosis: Diagnosis – When To See Your Doctor. Last Updated: 25 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 31 January 2023. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/endometriosis/diagnosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
  10. Induced Menopause In Women With Endometriosis – For Patients. Publication Date: August 2022. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/14-WHC-FACTSHEET-Induced-menopause-info-for-women-NOV2022-A.pdf Accessed: 26 September 2024
  11. About Endometriosis: Symptoms of Endometriosis. Endometriosis.org https://endometriosis.org/endometriosis/ Accessed: 26 September 2024
  12. Induced Menopause In Women With Endometriosis – For Patients. Publication Date: August 2022. Women’s Health Concern https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/14-WHC-FACTSHEET-Induced-menopause-info-for-women-NOV2022-A.pdf Accessed: 26 September 2024
  13. Endometriosis: Does Endometriosis Go Away After Menopause? Page Last Updated: 22 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/endometriosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
  14. Endometriosis: Symptoms and Causes – Symptoms During the Menopause Transition. Last Updated: 28 August 2024 | Last Reviewed: 31 January 2023. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/endometriosis/symptoms-causes Accessed: 26 September 2024
  15. Endometriosis: Diagnosis – When To See Your Doctor. Last Updated: 25 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 31 January 2023. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/endometriosis/diagnosis Accessed: 26 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 30 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 26 September 2024

“Sexual desire or sex drive is your level of interest
in sexual activity. It’s normal for your sexual desire
to go up and down at different times and for…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Sexual Health and Libido Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Decreased Libido
  • Decreased Sex/Sexual Desire/Drive/Interest
  • Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD)
  • Female Sexual Interest-Arousal Disorder (FSIAD) [HSDD + Female Sexual Arousal Disorders]
  • Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder/Dysfunction (HSDD)
  • Lack of Sexual Desire/Drive/Interest
  • Libido
  • Low Libido
  • Low Sex/Sexual Desire/Drive/Interest
  • Sex/Sexual Desire/Drive/Interest
  • Sexual Interest-Arousal Disorder

Libido

What is libido?

DotS the definition of libido may vary. In What Can Affect Your Sex Life? Sexual Desire (Libido) the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health’s (JH) definition is:

“Sexual desire or sex drive is your level of interest in sexual activity. It’s normal for your sexual desire to go up and down at different times and for different reasons”.2

Cause

What may cause low libido in women?

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Causes the (United States) Mayo Clinic explain:

“Desire for sex is based on a complex mix of many things that affect intimacy. These factors include:

  • Physical and emotional well-being
  • Experiences
  • Beliefs
  • Lifestyle
  • Your current relationship

If you have challenges in any of these areas, it can affect your desire for sex”.3

In Sexual Difficulties In the Menopause the Australasian Menopause Society (AMS) explain:

“Hormones are rarely the only factor involved in desire-arousal problems and other factors need to be identified and addressed. These might include relationship issues, psychological factors, side effects of common medications, such as antidepressants, or health issues such as diabetes. Women often say that the physical changes that occur with ageing and/or menopause make them feel more self-conscious about their body, particularly in relation to sex. Other changes in a woman’s life, such as a partner’s midlife issues (including erectile dysfunction), teenagers in the house or leaving home, and parents dying or requiring care will affect sexual function”.4

Common or Not

How common is low libido?

The AMS note:

“Low libido is the most common sexual concern reported by women and is often inseparable from diminished capacity to become aroused”.5

Fluctuations

Can libido fluctuate?

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Overview the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“Women’s levels of sexual desire change over the years. It’s common for highs and lows to happen along with the start or end of a relationship. Or they can happen with major life changes such as pregnancy, menopause or illness. Some medicines used for conditions that affect mood also can cause low sex drive in women”.6

Menopause

Is there an association between menopause and libido?

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Causes: Hormone Changes the Mayo Clinic explain:

Libido“Changes in your hormone levels may alter your desire for sex. This can occur during:

  • Menopause. Estrogen levels drop during menopause. This can make you less interested in sex and cause vaginal dryness, leading to painful or uncomfortable sex. Many women still have satisfying sex during menopause and beyond. But some have a lagging libido during this hormone change”.7

Treatment

How may low libido be treated?

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“Most women benefit from a treatment approach aimed at the many causes behind this condition. Recommendations may include sex education, counseling, and sometimes medicine and hormone therapy”.8

Menopausal Hormone Therapy

Is menopausal hormone therapy used to treat low libido?

In Looking After Yourself: Sex and Relationships – Managing Low Libido the JH note:

“If you are concerned about having low libido, it’s important to discuss this with your doctor. They might suggest different options to improve the way you feel about sex. For example, a trial of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), or vaginal moisturisers, lubricants or oestrogen to improve vaginal dryness”.9

Testosterone

Is testosterone used to treat low libido?

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

  • “Testosterone. This hormone plays a key role in female sexual function, even though testosterone level is much lower in women than in men. In the United States, testosterone isn’t approved by the FDA to treat sexual conditions in women. Still, sometimes it’s prescribed to help lift a lagging libido. Testosterone that is delivered to the blood through the skin may be helpful in women after menopause. At first, this treatment can be tried for up to six months. If it helps, it can be continued with close monitoring by a healthcare professional. The use of testosterone in women can cause acne, extra body hair, and mood or personality changes”.10

Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)

What is Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD)?

DotS the definition of HSDD may vary. In Looking After Yourself: Sex and Relationships – What Can Affect Your Sex Life? Testosterone Therapy the JH’s definition is:

Sexual Health and Libido“The area of wellbeing and libido is very complex, and research tells us these are likely to be influenced by psychological factors more than testosterone. But testosterone therapy may be a suitable treatment for postmenopausal women who feel distressed by their loss of sexual desire. This condition is known as hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD).

Testosterone therapy is only recommended for women diagnosed with HSDD. There is no evidence to support using testosterone in premenopausal women for low libido or any other condition such as low mood or depression”.11

BMS Statement on Testosterone, 02 March 2023

What does the BMS Statement on Testosterone, dated 02 March 2023, elaborate on about the use of testosterone to treat low libido?

The BMS Statement on Testosterone elaborates on:

“The current controversy surrounding testosterone treatment is causing confusion amongst women and healthcare professionals alike. British Menopause Society guidance follows NICE NG23 which recommends that testosterone is used for low libido after other options have been exhausted.

Levels of testosterone in women decline between the ages of 20 and 40. By menopause the levels have plateaued out and are stable. Testosterone is produced by the adrenal glands and the ovaries in peri and post-menopausal women. Testosterone is not the third component of HRT and promoting misinformation is creating unrealistic expectations for women, some of whom have challenging social circumstances. Managing women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder, necessitates a biopsychosocial approach. It is important to consider contributory factors which include vulvovaginal atrophy and relationship issues”.12

Testosterone Links

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Health Care Provider

What if I have low libido?

If you have low libido, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Diagnosis the Mayo Clinic explain:

“If low sex desire concerns you, talk with your gynecologist or another member of your healthcare team. For some women, low sex drive is part of an ongoing condition called sexual interest-arousal disorder. It involves having at least three of the following symptoms, which cause sadness or anxiety:

  • No desire to have any type of sexual activity or to masturbate
  • Few or no sexual thoughts or fantasies
  • Not wanting to make the first move in a sexual encounter with a partner
  • Less or no pleasure during sexual activity
  • Less or no interest in any sexual or erotic cues from a partner
  • Few or no physical sensations during sexual activity in most sexual encounters

You don’t have to fit this definition to reach out for help. Your healthcare professional can look for reasons that your sex drive isn’t as high as you’d like”.13

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Sexual Health and Libido?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Sexual Health and Libido?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. What Can Affect Your Sex Life? Sexual Desire (Libido). Last Updated: 06 August 2024 | Last Reviewed: 12 December 2023. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/sex-sexual-health/what-can-affect-your-sex-life#sexual-desire-libido Accessed: 25 September 2024
  2. What Can Affect Your Sex Life? Sexual Desire (Libido). Last Updated: 06 August 2024 | Last Reviewed: 12 December 2023. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/sex-sexual-health/what-can-affect-your-sex-life#sexual-desire-libido Accessed: 25 September 2024
  3. Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Causes. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/symptoms-causes/syc-20374554 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  4. Sexual Difficulties In the Menopause. Content Created March 2021. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/722-sexual-difficulties-in-the-menopause Accessed: 25 September 2024
  5. Sexual Difficulties In the Menopause. Content Created March 2021. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/722-sexual-difficulties-in-the-menopause Accessed: 25 September 2024
  6. Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Overview. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/symptoms-causes/syc-20374554 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  7. Low Sex Drive In Women: Symptoms & Causes – Causes: Hormone Changes. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/symptoms-causes/syc-20374554 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  8. Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment: Hormone Therapy. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374561 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  9. Looking After Yourself: Sex and Relationships – Managing Low Libido. Last Updated: 20 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/looking-after-yourself#sex-and-relationships Accessed: 25 September 2024
  10. Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374561 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  11. Looking After Yourself: Sex and Relationships – What Can Affect Your Sex Life? Testosterone Therapy. Last Updated: 20 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/looking-after-yourself#sex-and-relationships Accessed: 25 September 2024
  12. BMS Statement on Testosterone. 02 March 2023. British Menopause Society https://thebms.org.uk/2023/03/bms-statement-on-testosterone/ Accessed: 25 September 2024
  13. Low Sex Drive In Women: Diagnosis & Treatment – Diagnosis. 07 March 2024. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/low-sex-drive-in-women/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374561 Accessed: 25 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 03 October 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 25 September 2024

“A whole-food diet high in fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, high quality protein,
and dairy products may reduce menopause symptoms”.1

Umbrella

What may the Menopause Diet Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Diet
  • Good Nutrition
  • Healthy Diet
  • Healthy Eating
  • Nutrition

Whole-Food Diet

What type of whole-food diet may reduce menopause symptoms?

In Menopause Diet: How What You Eat Affects Your Symptoms – The Bottom Line, published 04 December 2023, the author elaborates on:

“A whole-food diet high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, high quality protein, and dairy products may reduce menopause symptoms. Consuming phytoestrogens and healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids from fish, may also help.

You may want to limit your consumption of added sugars, processed high carb foods, alcohol, caffeine, and high sodium foods as well. These dietary changes might help make this important transition in your life easier”.2

Best Balanced Diet for A Healthy Menopause

Menopause DietWhat is the best, balanced diet for a healthy menopause?

In New Study Reveals Why Diet Is Vital for A Healthy Menopause, published 24 February 2024, (see also The Importance of Nutrition in Menopause and Perimenopause—A Review published 21 December 2023), the author elaborates on:

“Researchers from Semmelweis University in Budapest, Hungary, along with experts at the Hungarian Dietetic Association, looked at 1639 scientific publications, finally reviewing the most relevant 134 to identify the best, balanced diet for a healthy menopause”.3

In New Study Reveals Why Diet Is Vital for A Healthy Menopause, the author explains:

“The diet is as follows:

  • – less than 5g of salt a day
  • – at least 300g of vegetables and 200g fruit every day (distributed in 5 portions)
  • – 1–1.2g of protein/kg of body weight daily, half of which should come from plant sources such as soybeans, seitan, lentils, beans, chickpeas, quinoa or nuts; otherwise, low-fat protein sources (e.g., poultry, low-fat dairy products) are preferred
  • – no more than 350–500 g boiled/steamed/fried red meat (e.g., beef and pork) per week
  • – at least two servings/week (100–120 g/occasion) of fish with fatty meat
  • – intake of processed meat products should be occasional, in small quantities
  • – eat legumes (beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, or soy) at least once a week
  • – 30g unsalted nuts/day
  • – one meat-free day a week
  • – the daily amount of dietary fibre should be 30–45 g, preferably mainly whole grains
  • – moderate fat consumption is essential – vegetable fats such as sunflower oil for frying and olive, rapeseed, linseed, soybean oil, etc., are recommended for salad dressings
  • – fluid intake (mainly water) is 33mL/kg of body weight daily, evenly spread throughout the day
  • – simple, fast-acting sugars such as cakes, sweets or sweetened soft drinks should be avoided
  • – adequate intake of calcium, vitamin D, vitamin C, and B vitamins, n-3 LCPUFA and omega-3 fatty acids
  • – consuming dairy products equivalent to the calcium content of half a litre of milk daily
  • – no smoking, less alcohol
  • – regular physical activity is essential”.4

Dietary Phytoestrogens

Is there an association between dietary phytoestrogens and menopause symptoms?

In Hot flushes, Night Sweats, Brain Fog? Here’s What We Know About Phytoestrogens for Menopausal Symptoms: What Does the Evidence Say?, published 05 June 2023, the authors’ elaborate on:

“However, several factors may influence the effect of dietary phytoestrogens on menopausal symptoms. This includes gut microbiota, with research showing only around 30% of women from Western populations possess the gut microbiota needed to convert isoflavones to their active form, known as equol, compared to an estimated 50–60% of menopausal women from Japanese populations”.5

Hot Flushes

Is there an association between hot flushes and substances contained in food?

In Menopause Hot Flashes and Molecular Mechanisms Modulated by Food-Derived Nutrients: 1. Introduction, published 28 February 2024, the authors note:

“Substances contained in food can certainly influence the mechanisms of hot flashes and modulate their symptoms. In the presented review, based on the latest literature, we not only identify further potential molecular mechanisms responsible for the occurrence of hot flashes but also analyze natural food ingredients that may modulate these molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways”.6
Menopause Diet

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with healthy eating?

If you would like help with healthy eating, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this. Together you can discuss your options and if required, agree on who may be the most appropriate health care provider to help you.

In Nutrition and Healthy Eating: Basics – Nutrition Basics the (United States) Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“Want to go beyond the basics? Talk to a healthcare professional, such as a dietitian. You can ask for diet advice that takes into account your health, lifestyle and food preferences”.7

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics related to Menopause Diet?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Menopause Diet?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Palladino, A. Menopause Diet: How What You Eat Affects Your Symptoms – The Bottom Line. Published: 04 December 2023. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/menopause-diet Accessed: 25 September 2024
  2. Palladino, A. Menopause Diet: How What You Eat Affects Your Symptoms – The Bottom Line. Published: 04 December 2023. https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/menopause-diet Accessed: 25 September 2024
  3. Erdélyi, A. New Study Reveals Why Diet Is Vital for A Healthy Menopause. 24 February 2024 https://semmelweis.hu/english/2024/02/new-study-reveals-why-diet-is-vital-for-a-healthy-menopause/ Accessed: 25 September 2024
  4. Erdélyi, A.New Study Reveals Why Diet Is Vital for A Healthy Menopause. 24 February 2024 https://semmelweis.hu/english/2024/02/new-study-reveals-why-diet-is-vital-for-a-healthy-menopause/ Accessed: 25 September 2024
  5. Gurvich, C., Varney, J., and Kulkarni, J. Hot flushes, Night Sweats, Brain Fog? Here’s What We Know About Phytoestrogens for Menopausal Symptoms: What Does the Evidence Say? Published: 05 June 2023 https://theconversation.com/hot-flushes-night-sweats-brain-fog-heres-what-we-know-about-phytoestrogens-for-menopausal-symptoms-204801 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  6. Forma, E., Urbańska, K and Bryś, M. Menopause Hot Flashes and Molecular Mechanisms Modulated by Food-Derived Nutrients: 1. Introduction. Published 28 February 2024 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/5/655 Accessed: 25 September 2024
  7. Nutrition and Healthy Eating: Basics – Nutrition Basics. 23 November 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/basics/nutrition-basics/hlv-20049477 Accessed: 25 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 25 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 25 September 2024

“Many women think weight gain is part of menopause,
but it’s more likely due to ageing
and associated lifestyle changes”.1

Umbrella

What may the Menopause Body Changes Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Menopause Changes
  • Menopause and Body Changes

Perimenopause

During perimenopause what changes may women experience?

In Symptoms the Menopause Society (formerly The North American Menopause Society) explain:

“As women go through the menopause transition, they commonly experience signs and symptoms related to menopause. Hot flashes are often the most recognized and reported bothersome symptom. Other common symptoms and changes include vaginal dryness, sleep disturbances, and mood changes. Most menopause symptoms will improve after menopause, even without treatment or intervention. Many factors affect how much distress these symptoms cause, and women must decide for themselves whether the symptoms are bothersome enough to seek treatment”.2

Postmenopause

Postmenopause, what changes may women experience?

In Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): After the Menopause the (Scottish) NHS Inform note:

“In postmenopause, symptoms of menopause may have eased or stopped entirely, but some women continue to have symptoms for longer.

The change in your body’s hormones however is a sign to keep looking after your health and wellbeing, and be mindful to listen to your body.

There can be an increased risk of some health conditions postmenopause, such as cardiovascular (heart) disease, osteoporosis (weak bones) and urinary tract infections (UTIs). So it is important to have a healthy diet and lifestyle, and to go for your regular cancer screenings such as cervical (smear test) and breast”.3

Weight Gain

Is there an association between weight gain and menopause or aging?

In Looking After Yourself the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health elaborate on:

Menopause Body Image“Many women think weight gain is part of menopause, but it’s more likely due to ageing and associated lifestyle changes.

Women tend to gain weight as they age, whether they are experiencing menopause or not. On average, women between the ages of 45 and 55 years gain about half a kilo per year.

Ageing causes a decrease in muscle mass, which slows down your metabolism. So, if your diet stays the same, you are likely to gain weight.

Weight gain and increased abdominal (belly) fat is common among women at midlife”.4

Menopause Body ChangesEndometriosis

Is there an association between endometriosis and menopause?

In Endometriosis Toolkit: A Patient Empowerment Guide the (United States) Society for Women’s Health Research note in Endometriosis and Menopause:

“5% of endometriosis patients are postmenopausal”.5

Fibroids

What are fibroids?

DotS the definition of fibroids may vary. In Uterine Fibroids the Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov’s definition is:

“Fibroids are muscular tumors that grow in the wall of the uterus (womb). Fibroids are almost always benign (not cancerous). Not all women with fibroids have symptoms. Women who do have symptoms often find fibroids hard to live with. Some have pain and heavy menstrual bleeding. Treatment for uterine fibroids depends on your symptoms”.6

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

What is the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)?

In Symptoms: The Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause the Menopause Society elaborate on:

The genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is defined as a collection of signs and symptoms associated with estrogen deficiency that can involve changes to the lips of the vagina (labia), vaginal opening and vagina, clitoris, bladder, and the short tube through which urine is eliminated from the body (urethra). The syndrome includes genital symptoms of dryness, irritation, and burning; sexual symptoms such as pain with vaginal penetration; and urinary symptoms. These symptoms can range from mildly annoying to debilitating”.7

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with some body changes?

If you would like help with some body changes, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this. Together you can discuss your options and if required, agree on who may be the most appropriate health care provider to help you.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Menopause Body Changes?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Menopause Body Changes?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Looking After Yourself: Healthy Weight. Last Updated: 20 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/looking-after-yourself#healthy-weight Accessed: 24 September 2024
  2. Symptoms. The Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/symptoms Accessed: 24 September 2024
  3. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): After the Menopause. Last Updated: 13 February 2023. NHS Inform https://nhsinform-n1.azurewebsites.net/healthy-living/womens-health/later-years-around-50-years-and-over/menopause-and-post-menopause-health/after-the-menopause Accessed: 24 September 2024
  4. Looking After Yourself: Healthy Weight. Last Updated: 20 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/looking-after-yourself#healthy-weight Accessed: 24 September 2024
  5. Endometriosis Toolkit: A Patient Empowerment Guide – Endometriosis and Menopause. 19 March 2021. Society for Women’s Health Research. https://swhr.org/swhr_resource/endometriosis-toolkit-a-patient-empowerment-guide/ Accessed: 24 September 2024
  6. Uterine Fibroids. Page Last Updated: 19 February 2021. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/uterine-fibroids Accessed: 24 September 2024
  7. Symptoms: The Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause. The Menopause Society https://menopause.org/patient-education/menopause-topics/symptoms Accessed: 24 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 24 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 24 September 2024

“It is best to let your vagina clean itself. The vagina
cleans itself naturally by making mucous. The mucous
washes away blood, semen, and vaginal discharge”.1

Umbrella

What may the Vaginal and Vulval Hygiene Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Genital Care/Health/Hygiene
  • Vaginal Care/Health/Hygiene
  • Vulval Care/Health/Hygiene

Self-Cleaning

Is the vagina self-cleaning?

In Douching: What Is the Best Way To Clean My Vagina? the Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov elaborate on:

“It is best to let your vagina clean itself. The vagina cleans itself naturally by making mucous. The mucous washes away blood, semen, and vaginal discharge”.2

Douching

What is douching?

DotS the definition of douching may vary. In Feminine Odor Problems? What Every Woman Needs To Know the (United States) Cleveland Clinic’s definition is:

“The term, douche, which means “to wash” or “to shower” in French, refers to cleansing the vagina using a solution of water mixed with another fluid — often vinegar, baking soda or some sort of perfume”.3

In Douching: What Is Douching? Womenshealth.gov’s definition is:

“The word “douche” means to wash or soak. Douching is washing or cleaning out the inside of the vagina with water or other mixtures of fluids. Most douches are sold in stores as prepackaged mixes of water and vinegar, baking soda, or iodine. The mixtures usually come in a bottle or bag. You squirt the douche upward through a tube or nozzle into your vagina. The water mixture then comes back out through your vagina”.4

Bath/Shower

Is douching different from washing the outside of your vagina during a bath or shower?

In Douching: What Is Douching? Womenshealth.gov’s explain:

“Douching is different from washing the outside of your vagina during a bath or shower. Rinsing the outside of your vagina with warm water will not harm your vagina. But, douching can lead to many different health problems”.5

Why Not

Why should women not douche?

In Douching: Why Should Women Not Douche? the Womenshealth.gov elaborate on:

“Most doctors recommend that women do not douche. Douching can change the necessary balance of vaginal flora (bacteria that live in the vagina) and natural acidity in a healthy vagina.

A healthy vagina has good and harmful bacteria. The balance of bacteria helps maintain an acidic environment. The acidic environment protects the vagina from infections or irritation.

Douching can cause an overgrowth of harmful bacteria. This can lead to a yeast infection or bacterial vaginosis. If you already have a vaginal infection, douching can push the bacteria causing the infection up into the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. This can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, a serious health problem.

Douching is also linked to other health problems”.6

Keeping Clean

How may women keep their vagina clean?

In Essential Information: Caring for Your Skin Down There – Cleansing the (Australian) Caredownthere elaborate on:

Vaginal and Vulval Hygiene“Just in case you have been wondering if your vulval problem is happening because you aren’t washing enough….you don’t have a hygiene problem. Using soap, particularly if this is done frequently, will in fact make your skin more sensitive. It is best to avoid soap, particularly perfumed liquid soaps, abrasive washes and wet wipes. A soap substitute, available from your chemist, or simply soaking in a bath with a couple of handfuls of ordinary salt thrown in is the best way to clean vulval skin”.7

Postmenopause Odour

Postmenopause or after menopause, may vaginal smell change?

In Vulva and Vagina: What’s Normal? Smell [+ Image] the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) elaborate on:

“After menopause, the smell may be different to when you were having periods because the bacteria in your vagina changes at this time”.8

In Feminine Odor Problems? What Every Woman Needs To Know the Cleveland Clinic explain:

“Lack of estrogen can be the cause if you’re past menopause and are experiencing vaginal odor. Your doctor will be able to give you an accurate diagnosis and discuss treatment options”.9

Health Care Provider

What if I am worried about what is going on down there?

If you are worried about what is going on down there, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this. The JH note:

“If you are worried about the smell, or have symptoms such as itching, burning, irritation, soreness, painful sex or pain when you wee, see your doctor”.10

In Vagina: What’s Typical, What’s Not – What Are Signs or Symptoms of Vaginal Problems? the (United States) Mayo Clinic explain:

“Consult your health care provider if you notice:

  • A change in the color, odor or amount of vaginal discharge
  • Vaginal redness or itching
  • Vaginal bleeding between periods, after sex or after menopause
  • A mass or bulge in the vagina
  • Pain during intercourse”.11

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to the Vaginal and Vulval Hygiene?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Vaginal and Vulval Hygiene?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted:

Sources

  1. Douching: What Is the Best Way To Clean My Vagina? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching Accessed: 23 September 2024
  2. Douching: What Is the Best Way To Clean My Vagina? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching Accessed: 23 September 2024
  3. Feminine Odor Problems? What Every Woman Needs To Know. 10 June 2021. Cleveland Clinic https://health.clevelandclinic.org/feminine-odor-problems-what-you-should-know-about-douching/ Accessed: 23 September 2024
  4. Douching: What Is Douching? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching Accessed: 23 September 2024
  5. Douching: What Is Douching? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching Accessed: 23 September 2024
  6. Douching: Why Should Women Not Douche? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/douching Accessed: 23 September 2024
  7. Essential Information: Caring for Your Skin Down There – Cleansing. Caredownthere https://www.caredownthere.com.au/_pages/information_care.html Accessed: 23 September 2024
  8. Vulva and Vagina: What’s Normal? Smell. Last Updated: 02 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 26 April 2023. https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/vulva-vagina/vulva-and-vagina#whats-normal Accessed: 23 September 2024
  9. Feminine Odor Problems? What Every Woman Needs To Know. 10 June 2021. Cleveland Clinic https://health.clevelandclinic.org/feminine-odor-problems-what-you-should-know-about-douching/ Accessed: 23 September 2024
  10. Vulva and Vagina: What’s Normal? Smell. Last Updated: 02 September 2024 | Last Reviewed: 26 April 2023. https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/vulva-vagina/vulva-and-vagina#whats-normal Accessed: 23 September 2024
  11. Vagina: What’s Typical, What’s Not – What Are Signs or Symptoms of Vaginal Problems? 06 December 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/womens-health/in-depth/vagina/art-20046562 Accessed: 23 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 23 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 23 September 2024

“In general use in many languages,
the term sex is often used to mean “sexual activity”,
but…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Sex Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Coitus
  • Consummation
  • Copulation
  • Intercourse
  • Sex
  • Sexual Intercourse
  • Vaginal Intercourse

Definition

What is sex?

DotS the definition of sex may vary. In Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH): Working Definitions – Sex the World Health Organization’s (WHO) working definition of sex is:

“Sex refers to the biological characteristics that define humans as female or male. While these sets of biological characteristics are not mutually exclusive, as there are individuals who possess both, they tend to differentiate humans as males and females”.2

In Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH): Working Definitions – Sex the WHO also note:

Sex“In general use in many languages, the term sex is often used to mean “sexual activity”, but for technical purposes in the context of sexuality and sexual health discussions, the above definition is preferred”.3

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help with sex?

If you would like help with sex, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Sex?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Links

Where may I find Links related to Sex?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH): Working Definitions – Sex. World Health Organization https://www.who.int/teams/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-research/key-areas-of-work/sexual-health/defining-sexual-health Accessed: 23 September 2024
  2. Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH): Working Definitions – Sex. World Health Organization https://www.who.int/teams/sexual-and-reproductive-health-and-research/key-areas-of-work/sexual-health/defining-sexual-health Accessed: 23 September 2024
Topic Last Updated: 23 September 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 23 September 2024