Premature Menopause

“With premature menopause,
your periods stop before age 40.
You can no longer get pregnant”.1

Umbrella

What may the Premature Menopause Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Menopause Before 40
  • Premature Menopause
  • Premature Ovarian Failure (POF)
  • Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)
  • Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

Premature Menopause and Early Menopause

Is premature menopause the same as early menopause?Premature MenopauseEarly Menopause

In Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Early and Premature Menopause the (Scottish) NHS Inform explain:

“Menopause before the age of 45 is called early menopause. Menopause before the age of 40 is called premature menopause”.2

Premature Menopause

What is premature menopause?

DotS the definition of premature menopause may vary. The (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health’s (JH) definition is:


Premature Menopause
“Premature menopause is when your final period happens before the age of 40 years”.3

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

What is premature ovarian insufficiency (POI)?

DotS the definition of POI may vary. In Menopause Before 40 and Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Insufficiency the Australasian Menopause Society (AMS) elaborate on:

Premature Menopause“Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a loss of function of the ovaries in women who are less than 40 years of age. The ovaries do not release eggs regularly and do not produce usual amounts of oestrogen.

Women with spontaneous POI have irregular or no menstrual periods. Women may or may not have menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes.

Up to 4% of women will spontaneously have POI and enter menopause before the age of 40. Spontaneous early menopause (menopause between 40 and 45 years) affects approximately 12 in every 100 women.4

In Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Definitions and Epidemiology the AMS also note:

“POI may also be referred to as primary ovarian insufficiency, premature menopause or premature/ primary ovarian failure)”.5

Premature Menopause and POI Differences

What are some premature menopause and POI differences?

In Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Symptoms & Causes – Overview the (United States) Mayo Clinic note:

“Sometimes, primary ovarian insufficiency is confused with premature menopause. But they aren’t the same. People with primary ovarian insufficiency can have irregular or occasional periods for years. They might even get pregnant. But people with premature menopause stop having periods and can’t become pregnant”.6

In Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Summary – What Is Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)? the (United States) MedlinePlus explain:

“POI is different from premature menopause. With premature menopause, your periods stop before age 40. You can no longer get pregnant. The cause can be natural or it can be a disease, surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation. With POI, some women still have occasional periods. They may even get pregnant. In most cases of POI, the cause is unknown”.7

Premature Menopause Cause

What causes premature menopause?

In Premature and Early Menopause: What Causes Premature and Early Menopause? Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) the JH elaborate on POI and other causes:

“Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) can cause premature and early menopause”.8

Premature Menopause Symptoms

Are the symptoms of premature menopause the same as for menopause?

Yes and no. In Premature and Early Menopause: Symptoms of Premature & Early Menopause the JH explain:

“Symptoms of premature and early menopause are like those you would experience if you reached menopause at the expected age of 51–52 years, but symptoms can often be more severe due to the sudden change in hormone levels”.9

Hormone Therapy

What is one of the highlights about premature menopause included in the 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement of the North American Menopause Society?

On page one in The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement, published 07 July 2022, one of the highlights is:

  • “Women with primary ovarian insufficiency and premature or early menopause have higher risks of bone loss, heart disease, and cognitive or affective disorders associated with estrogen deficiency. It is recommended that hormone therapy can be used until at least the mean age of menopause unless there is a contraindication to its use”.10

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have premature menopause or POI or POF?

If you think you have premature menopause or POI or POF, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Premature and Early Menopause the European Menopause and Andropause Society note:

“Referral to specialist menopause, fertility and assisted reproduction professionals should be discussed with the patient”.11

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Premature Menopause?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Premature Menopause?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. ACOG Explains: Managing Menopause Symptoms [American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists]
  2. Askearlymenopause.org [Ask EM] [+ Video: What Is Early Menopause?]
  3. BMS Statement on Testosterone
  4. BMS TV: Menopause – Weight Gain, Nutrition and Lifestyle
  5. BonesBMS TV: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)
  6. BMS TV: Testosterone Explained
  7. Bioidentical Hormones: Are They Safer?
  8. Build Better Bones.org [International Osteoporosis Foundation]
  9. Cancer Treatment – Early Menopause
  10. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) for Menopausal Symptoms
  11. Daisy Network [United Kingdom]
  12. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  13. Dr Louise Newson: The Truth About the Menopause & HRT
  14. EMAS Position Statement: Predictors of Premature and Early Natural Menopause [European Menopause and Andropause Society]
  15. Early Menopause
  16. Early Menopause
  17. Early Menopause Due To Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy
  18. Early Menopause – Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy
  19. Early Menopause: Women’s Experiences – Overview
  20. Early Menopause: Women’s Experiences – Resources and Information: Quick Links – 1. Question Prompt List
  21. Early Menopause: Women’s Experiences – Women’s Profiles
  22. Early or Premature Menopause
  23. Earlymenopause.org.nz [Early Menopause Support Group, New Zealand]
  24. Exploring the Triggers of Premature and Early Menopause In India: A Comprehensive Analysis Based on National Family Health Survey, 2019-2021
  25. Find A Menopause Practitioner [United States and Other]
  26. Find An AMS Doctor [Australasian Menopause Society i.e. Australia and New Zealand]
  27. Find Your Nearest BMS Menopause Specialist [British Menopause Society]
  28. Fragile X and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Webinar
  29. Guidance on Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  30. Hormone Therapy: Four Things A Mayo Clinic Women’s Health Specialist Wants You To Know [02 May 2024] [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network. Name Super/CG: Taryn Smith, M.D./Internal Medicine/Mayo Clinic]
  31. Hot Flashes
  32. Hot Flashes
  33. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video: What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Menopause?]
  34. How Menopause Impacts Your Health
  35. I Forgot To Ask the Doctor – E9: The Menopause: Can Every Woman That Wants It Have HRT?
  36. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  37. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Early and Premature Menopause [+ Video: Menopause Only Happens In Your 50s] [Other Languages and Formats]
  38. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Supporting Someone Through the Menopause [+ Video: Men Don’t Need To Know About Menopause] [Other Languages and Formats]
  39. Lynch Syndrome [+ Video: What Is Lynch Syndrome?]
  40. Lynchsyndrome.org.au [Lynch Syndrome Australia]
  41. Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video]
  42. Mayo Clinic Minute: How Lifestyle Changes May Help Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
  43. Menopause
  44. Menopause
  45. Menopause FAQs: Premature, Early, and Induced Menopause
  46. Menopause Knowledge and Education In Women Under 40: Results From An Online Survey
  47. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
    Premature Menopause
  48. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Symptom Tracker
    Premature Menopause
  49. Menopause Mindfulness: Understanding the Many Paths To Menopause
  50. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  51. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Common Conditions Associated With Menopause and Midlife
  52. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
  53. Menopause Ruining Your Sex Life?
  54. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  55. Menopause Treatment Options After Cancer [03 May 2024]
  56. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
  57. Menopause and HRT: Fact and Fiction
  58. Menopause and Mental Health
  59. Menopause: Diagnosis and Management – Information for the Public: Questions To Ask About Menopause [NICE Guideline]
  60. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP #256
  61. Mood and the Menopause
  62. Mymenoplan.org [My Menoplan, United States]
  63. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
  64. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  65. Navigating Menopause Together: How Partners Can Help
  66. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  67. Navigating Menopause: Honest Answers To All Your Questions [+ Video: What To Expect in Menopause]
  68. Pathtogoodbonehealth.org [Your Path To Good Bone Health, Bone Health & Osteoporosis Foundation, United States]
  69. Premature Ovarian Failure
  70. Premature and Early Menopause
  71. Premature and Early Menopause
  72. Premature and Early Menopause [+ Video]
  73. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)
  74. Surgical Menopause
  75. Supporting A Loved One Through Menopause
  76. The Lancet: Series From the Lancet Journal – Menopause 2024
  77. The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
  78. Therapy Could Be Effective Treatment for Non-Physical Symptoms of Menopause
  79. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  80. Using Natural Therapies In the Menopause Transition – Webinar
  81. Vaginal Dryness
  82. Video Resource: Menopause and Health Living – What Is Early Menopause? [Multiple Languages]
  83. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  84. Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  85. Video Series-2023: Premature and Early Menopause
  86. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  87. Video: Leslie Cho, MD, Discusses CV Risks, Benefits of Menopausal Hormone Therapy
  88. Videos & Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Metabolic Syndrome in Midlife Women
  89. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: Heart Disease, Risk Factors of Developing Heart Disease, and Can I Take Hormones?
  90. Videos and Podcasts: Videos – Interviews: When Your Periods Leave Too Early
  91. Webinars: Previous – Genetic Causes of POI
  92. Webinars: Previous – Non-Hormonal Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  93. Webinars: Previous – Non-Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  94. Webinars: Previous – Predictors of Premature and Early Natural Menopause
  95. Webinars: Previous – Sexual Dysfunctions, Update on Gynae Cancers and Management
  96. Webinars: Previous – The Early Menopausal Patient
  97. What Is Lynch Syndrome?
  98. What Is POI (Premature Ovarian Insufficiency)
  99. When Menopause Comes Early: Symptoms & Treatment
  100. Why Does Menopause Happen Early in some Women

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Primary Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Summary – What Is Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)? Last Updated: 05 May 2021. MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/primaryovarianinsufficiency.html Accessed: 16 June 2024
  2. Early and Premature Menopause. Last Updated: 22 March 2023. NHS Inform https://nhsinform-n1.azurewebsites.net/healthy-living/womens-health/later-years-around-50-years-and-over/menopause-and-post-menopause-health/early-and-premature-menopause Accessed: 16 June 2024
  3. Premature and Early Menopause: What Is Premature & Early Menopause? Last Updated: 07 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/premature-early-menopause/ Accessed: 16 June 2024
  4. Menopause Before 40 and Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Content Updated: October 2020. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/health-info/fact-sheets/menopause-before-40-and-spontaneous-poi Accessed: 16 June 2024
  5. Spontaneous Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Definitions and Epidemiology. Content Updated: September 2020. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/hp/information-sheets/742-spontaneous-premature-ovarian-insufficiency Accessed: 16 June 2024
  6. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Symptoms & Causes – Overview. 20 October 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/premature-ovarian-failure/symptoms-causes/syc-20354683 Accessed: 16 June 2024
  7. Primary Primary Ovarian Insufficiency: Summary – What Is Primary Ovarian Insufficiency (POI)? Last Updated: 05 May 2021. MedlinePlus https://medlineplus.gov/primaryovarianinsufficiency.html Accessed: 16 June 2024
  8. Premature and Early Menopause: What Causes Premature and Early Menopause? Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI). Last Updated: 07 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/premature-early-menopause/ Accessed: 16 June 2024
  9. Premature and Early Menopause: Symptoms of Premature and Early Menopause. Last Updated: 07 December 2023 | Last Reviewed: 19 August 2022. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/premature-early-menopause/ Accessed: 16 June 2024
  10. The North American Menopause Society Releases Its 2022 Hormone Therapy Position Statement. 07 July 2022:1. North American Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org/docs/default-source/press-release/ht-position-statement-release.pdf Accessed: 16 June 2024
  11. Premature and Early Menopause. 2022. European Menopause and Andropause Societyhttps://emas-online.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Premature-and-early-menopause.pdf Accessed: 16 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 05 July 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 16 June 2024

/by

Clinical Research

“Clinical Research. Research in which people,
or data or samples of tissue from people,
are studied to understand health and disease”.1

Umbrella

What may the Clinical Research Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Clinical Research
  • Health Research
  • Healthcare/Health Care Research
  • Medical Research

Definition

What is clinical research?

DotS the definition of clinical research may vary. The (United States) National Cancer Institute’s definition is:

“Clinical Research
Research in which people, or data or samples of tissue from people, are studied to understand health and disease. Clinical research helps find new and better ways to detect, diagnose, treat, and prevent disease. Types of clinical research include clinical trials, which test new treatments for a disease, and natural history studies, which collect health information to understand how a disease develops and progresses over time”.2

Study

What is a clinical research study?

DotS the definition of clinical research study may vary. In Clinical Research FAQ: What Is Clinical Research? the (United States) National Human Genome Research Institute’s definition is:

Clinical Research“A clinical research study is a way to find answers to difficult scientific or health questions. For example, the study might explore the best ways to treat people with colon cancer. By studying cancer cells from patients, researchers may be able to determine the specific genetic mutations (changes in gene sequence) that caused the normal, healthy cells to become cancerous, and may help doctors decide on the best drugs to prescribe or surgeries to perform”.3

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

What is the mission of the (United States) Agency for Healthcare Research (AHRQ)?

Your country may have an organization similar to the AHRQ. In About AHRQ: AHRQ Profile the AHRQ explain:

“The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s (AHRQ) mission is to produce evidence to make health care safer, higher quality, more accessible, equitable, and affordable, and to work within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and with other partners to make sure that the evidence is understood and used”.4

Cochrane Reviews

What are Cochrane Reviews?

In About Us Cochrane explain:

“Cochrane is for anyone interested in using high-quality information to make health decisions. Whether you are a clinician, patient or carer, researcher, or policy-maker, Cochrane evidence provides a powerful tool to enhance your healthcare knowledge and decision-making”.5

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Clinical Research?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Clinical Research?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

  1. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
  2. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality: Patients & Consumers
  3. Clinical Research FAQ
  4. Clinical Trials
  5. Clinical Trials: How Do I Take Part In A Clinical Trial?
  6. ClinicalTrials.gov
  7. ClinicalTrials.gov: Find A Study
  8. ClinicalTrials.gov: Glossary of Common Site Terms
  9. ClinicalTrials.gov: Learn About Clinical Studies
  10. ClinicalTrials.gov: Other Sites About Clinical Studies
  11. Cochrane.org [Cochrane]
  12. Cochranelibrary.com [Cochrane Library]
  13. Evaluating Health Information
  14. FDA Research, Policy, and Workshops on Women In Clinical Trials [United States Food and Drug Administration]
  15. Genome.gov [United States National Human Genome Research Institute]
  16. Infographic: Cancer Clinical Trials
  17. NIH Clinical Research Trials and You [United States National Institutes of Health]
  18. NIH Clinical Research Trials and You: Finding A Clinical Trial
  19. NIH Clinical Research Trials and You: Glossary of Common Terms
  20. NIH Clinical Research Trials and You: The Basics
  21. NIH Clinical Research Trials and You: Why Should I Participate In A Clinical Trial?
  22. NIH Research Matters
  23. Science Saturday: What Happens In Medical Research Before Clinical Trials Begin?
  24. Understanding Medical Research
  25. Understanding Research
  26. Understanding Research: Clinical Trials
  27. Understanding Research: Informed Consent
  28. Understanding Research: Types of Medical Research
  29. Understanding Research: Who Can Participate In Medical Research?

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Clinical Research. National Cancer Institute https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/clinical-research Accessed: 15 June 2024
  2. Clinical Research. National Cancer Institute https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/clinical-research Accessed: 15 June 2024
  3. Clinical Research FAQ: What Is Clinical Research? Last Updated: 11 August 2017. National Human Genome Research Institute https://www.genome.gov/FAQ/Clinical-Research Accessed: 15 June 2024
  4. About AHRQ: AHRQ Profile. Page Last Reviewed February 2022. Page Originally Created July 2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality https://www.ahrq.gov/cpi/about/index.html Accessed: 15 June 2024
  5. About Us. Cochrane https://www.cochrane.org/about-us Accessed: 15 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 15 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 15 June 2024

/by

Hormone Therapy and Menopause Symptoms

“Treatment of bothersome hot flashes and night sweats
is the principal reason women use HT. Hormone therapy
also treats vaginal dryness and painful sex associated…”. Read more

/by

Black Cohosh

“Black cohosh is perhaps the most extensively researched
of all herbs used for managing menopausal symptoms.
It is available in many different products…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Black Cohosh Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Actaea Racemosa
  • Black Bugbane
  • Black Cohosh
  • Black Snakeroot
  • Bugbane
  • Bugwort
  • Cimicifuga Racemosa
  • Fairy Candle
  • Macrotys
  • Rattleroot
  • Rattleweed

Definition

What is black cohosh?

DotS the definition of black cohosh may vary. In Black Cohosh: Introduction the definition used by (United States) Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) is:

“Black cohosh (Actaea racemose or Cimicifuga racemosa), a member of the buttercup family, is a perennial plant native to North America”.2

Studies

What have studies found about the effectiveness of black cohosh for menopausal symptoms?

In Menopause–Biology, Consequences, Supportive Care, and Therapeutic Options: Current Therapeutic Options – Complementary and Herbal Therapies, published 06 September 2023, the authors elaborate on:

“In numerous trials, black cohosh, not to be confused with blue cohosh, which has known liver toxicity, has been shown to be safe with limited efficacy in some single-site clinical trials. However, the HALT study, which was the most rigorous and comprehensive clinical trial to date, consisting of 351 participants, demonstrated no improvement with black cohosh over placebo among perimenopausal women experiencing VMS”.3

Remifemin® and Flordis Femular®

What commercially available products may have been used in clinical studies?

In Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae, last updated 19 January 2024, the (Australian) Jean Hailes for Women’s Health (JH) explain:

“Many of the clinical studies of black cohosh have used the commercially available product Remifemin®, or the extract Ze 450 (available as Flordis Femular®)”.4

Menopausal Symptoms

Is black cohosh an effective treatment for menopausal symptoms?

In Menopause and Natural Therapies: Hot Flushes and Night Sweats the JH note:


Black Cohosh
“Black cohosh is perhaps the most extensively researched of all herbs used for managing menopausal symptoms. It is available in many different products, which vary in quality and effectiveness, and it can be combined with other herbs to tailor a formula specifically for hot flushes. Evidence is conflicting: some studies show it is effective and others do not”.5

In Black Cohosh: How Much Do We Know? the (United States) National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) note:

  • “Black cohosh has been studied for menopause symptoms in people. Most of the older studies were not of the highest quality. More recent studies have been of higher quality, but they have differed in the formulation, plant species, or dose used, so it’s difficult to know the herb’s effects with any certainty. Black cohosh has not been studied as much for conditions other than menopause”.6

In Black Cohosh: What Have We Learned? the NCCIH also note:

  • “Research suggests that certain black cohosh extracts and some combination products containing black cohosh may reduce some menopause symptoms. Most of the research has been on a single extract called Remifemin. Research on other black cohosh products has had inconsistent results. Guidelines released in 2015 indicate that there is a lack of consistent evidence for any benefit from black cohosh for menopause symptoms. But a 2017 review of recent research suggests that black cohosh extracts approved for treatment in Europe seem to decrease menopause symptoms”.7

In What Black Cohosh Can (and Can’t) Do for Menopause Symptoms: Black Cohosh for Other Symptoms of Menopause a (United States) Cleveland Clinic doctor explains:

“Black cohosh is an excellent herb to support people experiencing menopausal symptoms to reduce pain, reduce fatigue and lift your mood — just not consistently for hot flashes,” Dr. Lin says”.8

Placebo or Not

Are the effects of black cohosh any better than a placebo?

In Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work? published 20 September 2023, the authors note:

“Many women like to try herbal therapies for hot flushes and other menopausal symptoms. While black cohosh is generally considered safe and some women may find it helps them, at the moment there is not enough scientific evidence to show its effects are any better than placebo”.9

Vaginal Dryness

Is black cohosh an effective treatment for vaginal dryness?

In Menopause and Natural Therapies: Vaginal Changes the JH explain:

“Black cohosh, taken orally (by mouth) or topically (as a cream or pessary), may be useful for treating vaginal dryness. Black cohosh pessaries or vaginal cream are available only from naturopaths”.10

Breast Cancer

Does black cohosh help to reduce hot flashes that are related to breast cancer treatment?

In Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae – Precautions the JH elaborate on:

“Black cohosh is often used in early menopause brought on by cancer treatments, especially breast, ovarian or endometrial cancer. Of all the herbs, black cohosh has the most research about its safety in support of its use. It appears to be safe in breast cancer patients, although further research is needed.[24] Women with breast cancer or other hormone-dependent tumours should always talk to their doctor before taking black cohosh”.11

Safe or Not

Is black cohosh safe?

The JH note:

“Black cohosh has been associated with liver damage in some people, but this is very rare. The majority of cases suspected of liver damage have in fact been shown NOT to be related to black cohosh”.12

The (United States) Mayo Clinic also note:

  • “Black Cohosh. Black cohosh has been popular among many women with menopausal symptoms. Studies of black cohosh’s effectiveness have had mixed results, and the supplement might be harmful to the liver in rare circumstances”.13

In What Black Cohosh Can (and Can’t) Do for Menopause Symptoms: How To Take Black Cohosh a Cleveland Clinic doctor explains:

“To ensure that you’re buying a safe, quality product, Dr. Lin recommends purchasing only organic black cohosh from reputable companies that have been independently verified by a third party such as ConsumerLab, U.S. Pharmacopeia or NSF International”.14

Health Care Provider

What if I choose to use black cohosh?

If you choose to use black cohosh, it may be in your best interest to also choose to talk to your health care providers about this.

In Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work? published 20 September 2023, the authors note:

“Women experiencing troublesome menopausal symptoms, such as hot flushes, should talk to their doctor about the best treatment options for them”.15

In Menopause–Biology, Consequences, Supportive Care, and Therapeutic Options: Current Therapeutic Options – Complementary and Herbal Therapies, the authors note:

“Consideration of over-the-counter remedy use should include a shared decision-making plan to perform intermittent monitoring of liver and renal function because such therapies are not regulated by most national regulating bodies and have been shown to contain doses that differ from that on the label and occasional impurities that could cause harm”.16

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Black Cohosh?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Black Cohosh?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 8 Myths and Truths About Menopausal Hot Flashes
  2. BMS TV: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
  3. Black Cohosh
  4. Black Cohosh
  5. Black Cohosh Extracts In Women With Menopausal Symptoms: An Updated Pairwise Meta-Analysis
  6. Complementary & Alternative Therapies
  7. Deciding About Hormone Therapy Use
  8. Dietary Supplements
  9. Dietary Supplements
  10. Dietary Supplements
  11. Dietary Supplements [Topics]
  12. Dietary Supplements: Are Dietary Supplements Safe?
  13. Dr Louise Newson: The Truth About the Menopause & HRT
  14. Drugs and Supplements: Herbs, Supplements and Vitamins [Topics]
  15. Effectiveness of Natural Therapies: Good Questions To Ask
  16. Emerging Research In the Management of Menopausal Symptoms
  17. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
  18. Herbs and Supplements [Topics]
  19. Hot Flashes
  20. Hot Flashes
  21. Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Alternative Medicine: Dietary Supplements – Black Cohosh
  22. Hot Flashes: What Can I Do? [+ Video: What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Menopause?]
  23. How Long Does Menopause Last? – Ask Dr Jean
  24. How To Find Relief for Hot Flashes At Night
  25. Joint Position Statement By the British Menopause Society, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and Society for Endocrinology on Best Practice Recommendations for the Care of Women Experiencing the Menopause
  26. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Signs and Symptoms of Menopause [+ Video: Talking Menopause With Your GP] [Other Languages and Formats]
  27. Later Years (Around 50 Years and Over): Menopause and Post Menopause Health – Treating Menopause Symptoms [+ Video] [Other Languages and Formats]
  28. Let’s Talk About Perimenopause
  29. Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work?
  30. Managing Menopause
  31. Mayo Clinic Minute: Help With Hot Flashes Due To Menopause [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  32. Mayo Clinic Minute: How Lifestyle Changes May Help Manage Menopause Symptoms [+ Video]
  33. Mayo Clinic Q and A: Perimenopause Transitions and Concerns
  34. Menopause
  35. Menopause
  36. Menopause Management Options: Natural & Complementary Therapies – Herbal Therapies and Remedies for Menopause
  37. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Menopause Medication Tracker
  38. Menopause Map: Downloadable Resources – My Personal Path Print Tools: Questions for Your Health Care Provider
  39. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 2. Talking To Your GP About Menopause
  40. Menopause Patient Information [Videos] 5. Lifestyle Advice In Menopause & Perimenopause
  41. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Lifestyle Tips for Menopause
  42. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit Video Series: Treating Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
  43. Menopause Preparedness Toolkit: A Woman’s Empowerment Guide
  44. Menopause Symptoms and Relief
  45. Menopause Symptoms: Mayo Clinic Expert Outlines Hormone and Nonhormonal Therapies
  46. Menopause Treatments: What Works, What Doesn’t
  47. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa)
  48. Menopause, Perimenopause, Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments With Madelyn Butler, MD [Podcast]
  49. Menopause: Diagnosis & Treatment
  50. Menopause: Ensuring A Tranquil Transition
  51. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
  52. Menopause: Things You Can Do
  53. Menopause: Understanding the Changes and Finding Relief | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 256
  54. Mymenoplan.org [My Menoplan, United States]
  55. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
  56. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 4 Tips: Start Talking With Your Health Care Providers About Complementary Health Approaches
  57. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 5 Tips: What You Should Know About Popular Herbs
  58. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 6 Tips: How Herbs Can Interact With Medicines
  59. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Black Cohosh
  60. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Dietary and Herbal Supplements
  61. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
  62. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  63. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Natural Doesn’t Necessarily Mean Safer, or Better
  64. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Placebo Effect
  65. Natural Remedies To Help Manage Perimenopause Symptoms
  66. Natural Therapies
  67. Navigating Menopause: Expert Insights and Solutions | Dr Susan Davis | The Proof Podcast EP 245
  68. Non-Estrogen Treatments for Menopausal Symptoms
  69. Nonhormone Treatments for Hot Flashes and Night Sweats
  70. Office of Dietary Supplements [United States]: Background Information: Dietary Supplements
  71. Office of Dietary Supplements [United States]: Dietary Supplement Fact Sheets
  72. Office of Dietary Supplements [United States]: Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know
  73. Perimenopause and Menopause Symptom Checklist
  74. Questions and Answers on Dietary Supplements
  75. Review & Meta-Analysis: Isopropanolic Black Cohosh Extract iCR for Menopausal Symptoms – An Update on the Evidence
  76. Safety of Natural Therapies
  77. Supplements for Menopausal Symptoms — Solutions or Snake Oil?
  78. Symptoms of Menopause
  79. Therapy for the Effects of Menopause
  80. The Truth About Menopause Supplements | Dr Sarah Berry
  81. Tips To Help Manage Menopause Symptoms
  82. Urogenital Atrophy Explained – A British Menopause Society Video
  83. Using Natural Therapies In the Menopause Transition – Webinar
  84. Vaginal Dryness
  85. Vaginal Dryness
  86. Vaginal Dryness After Menopause: How To Treat It? I’m postmenopausal and often have vaginal dryness, which makes intercourse painful. Is there anything I can do about it?
  87. Vaginal Dryness: What To Do About It
  88. Video Series-2022: Perimenopause: Signs, Symptoms, and Solutions
  89. Video Series-2023: NAMS 2023 Nonhormone Therapies Position Statement for Bothersome Menopause Symptoms
  90. Video Series-2023: New FDA-Approved Nonhormone Option for the Treatment of Hot Flashes
  91. Video Series-2023: Premature and Early Menopause
  92. Video Series-2024: Preparing for Your Menopause Health Care Visit
  93. Webinars: Previous – Non-Hormonal Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  94. Webinars: Previous – Non-Pharmacological Interventions For VMS
  95. Weight Gain In Menopause: Systematic Review of Adverse Events In Women Treated With Black Cohosh
  96. What Black Cohosh Can (and Can’t) Do for Menopause Symptoms
  97. What Everyone Should Know About Menopause Symptoms
  98. Why Didn’t Anyone Tell Me This? Episode 3: Dr Annice Mukherjee: Your Essential Menopause Toolkit

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Hot Flushes and Night Sweats. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  2. Black Cohosh: Introduction. Updated: 30 June 2020. Office of Dietary Supplements https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/BlackCohosh-HealthProfessional/ Accessed: 14 June 2024
  3. Davis, S. R, Pinkerton, JA., Santoro, N., Simoncini, T. Menopause–Biology, Consequences, Supportive Care, and Therapeutic Options: Current Therapeutic Options – Complementary and Herbal Therapies. Published 06 September 2023 https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00905-4 Accessed: 14 June 2024
  4. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa): Family: Ranunculaceae. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/natural-therapies-supplements/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  5. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Hot Flushes and Night Sweats. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  6. Black Cohosh: How Much Do We Know? Last Updated: May 2020. National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/black-cohosh Accessed: 14 June 2024
  7. Black Cohosh: What Have We Learned? Last Updated: May 2020. National Center for Complimentary and Integrative Health https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/black-cohosh Accessed: 14 June 2024
  8. What Black Cohosh Can (and Can’t) Do for Menopause Symptoms: Black Cohosh for Other Symptoms of Menopause. 03 August 2022. Cleveland Clinic https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-is-black-cohosh/ Accessed: 14 June 2024
  9. Taylor, S. and Davis, S. Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work? 20 September 2023 https://theconversation.com/lots-of-women-try-herbs-like-black-cohosh-for-menopausal-symptoms-like-hot-flushes-but-does-it-work-211272 Accessed: 14 June 2024
  10. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Vaginal Changes. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  11. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa) Family: Ranunculaceae. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  12. Menopause and Natural Therapies: Herbal Medicine Glossary (Alphabetical) – Black Cohosh, Actaea Racemosa, (Previously Known As Cimicifuga Racemosa) Family: Ranunculaceae. Last Updated: 19 January 2024 | Last Reviewed: 20 November 2018. Jean Hailes for Women’s Health https://www.jeanhailes.org.au/health-a-z/menopause/menopause-herbs Accessed: 14 June 2024
  13. Hot Flashes: Diagnosis & Treatment – Alternative Medicine: Dietary Supplements – Black Cohosh. 12 December 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hot-flashes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352795 Accessed: 14 June 2024
  14. What Black Cohosh Can (and Can’t) Do for Menopause Symptoms: How To Take Black Cohosh. 03 August 2022. Cleveland Clinic https://health.clevelandclinic.org/what-is-black-cohosh/ Accessed: 14 June 2024
  15. Taylor, S. Davis, S. Lots of Women Try Herbs Like Black Cohosh for Menopausal Symptoms Like Hot Flushes – But Does It Work? 20 September 2023 https://theconversation.com/lots-of-women-try-herbs-like-black-cohosh-for-menopausal-symptoms-like-hot-flushes-but-does-it-work-211272 Accessed: 14 June 2024
  16. Davis, S. R, Pinkerton, JA., Santoro, N., Simoncini, T. Menopause–Biology, Consequences, Supportive Care, and Therapeutic Options: Current Therapeutic Options – Complementary and Herbal Therapies. Published 06 September 2023 https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00905-4 Accessed: 14 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 14 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 14 June 2024

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Australasian Menopause Society

“Members of the Australasian Menopause Society Limited (AMS) are doctors and other health care professionals who each have a special interest in women’s health in midlife…”.1

Umbrella

What is the Australasian Menopause Society (AMS)?

In About the AMS the AMS explain:

Australasian Menopause Society“Members of the Australasian Menopause Society Limited (AMS) are doctors and other health care professionals who each have a special interest in women’s health in midlife and menopause and the promotion of healthy ageing.

Whether information is needed about peri-menopause, MHT/HRT and alternatives, osteoporosis or how to locate a doctor interested in women’s health, the AMS seeks to bring accurate, evidence-based information to health care workers and the wider community”.2

What is MHT/HRT?

MHT/HRT can be an abbreviation for Menopausal Hormone Therapy/Hormone Replacement Therapy.

Mission

What is the AMS’s mission?

In Mission and Vision: The Mission of the Australasian Menopause Society the AMS’s mission is:

“To improve the quality of life of women during and after the menopause”.3

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to the Australasian Menopause Society?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Australasian Menopause Society?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

  1. AMS Statement 15 July 2024
  2. About the AMS
  3. Australasian Menopause Society
  4. British Menopause Society and their patient arm the Women’s Health Concern
  5. Consumer Information [Australasian Menopause Society]
  6. Council of Affiliated Menopause Societies (CAMS)
  7. European Menopause and Andropause Society
  8. Find An AMS Doctor
  9. International Menopause Society
  10. Menopause Society [formerly The North American Menopause Society]

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. About the AMS. Content Updated January 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/about-ams Accessed: 14 June 2024
  2. About the AMS. Content Updated January 2023. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/about-ams Accessed: 14 June 2024
  3. Mission and Vision: The Mission of the Australasia Menopause Society. Content Updated: April 2014. Australasian Menopause Society https://www.menopause.org.au/about-ams/mission-and-vision Accessed: 14 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 22 August 2024  – Topic Last Reviewed: 14 June 2024

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Pap Test

“The Pap test (also called a Pap smear or cervical cytology)
collects cervical cells so they can be checked for changes
caused by HPV that may—if left untreated—turn into…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Pap Test Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Cervical Screening Procedure/Test
  • Pap Smear
  • Pap Smear Test
  • Pap Test
  • Smear Test

Pap Test

What is a Pap test?

DotS the definition of a Pap test may vary. In Cervical Cancer Screening: What Is Cervical Cancer Screening? the (United States) National Institute of Cancer’s (NCI) definition is:

Pap Test“The Pap test (also called a Pap smear or cervical cytology) collects cervical cells so they can be checked for changes caused by HPV that may—if left untreated—turn into cervical cancer. It can find precancerous cells and cervical cancer cells. A Pap test also sometimes finds conditions that are not cancer, such as infection or inflammation”.2

Ovarian Cancer

Does a Pap test screen for ovarian cancer?

In Ovarian Cancer: Screening for Ovarian Cancer – What To Know the (United States) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) note:

“The Pap test does not screen for ovarian cancer”.3

Uterine Cancer

Does a Pap test screen for uterine cancer?

In Uterine Cancer: Screening for Uterine Cancer – What To Know the CDC also note:

“The Pap test does not screen for uterine cancer”.4

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Does a Pap test screen for sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

In Sexually Transmitted Infections: Does A Pap Test Screen for STIs? the Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov explain:

“No. Pap testing is mainly used to look for cell changes that could be cancer or precancer. However, your doctor may test you for HPV in addition to doing the Pap test if you are older than 30.

If you want to be tested for STIs, you must ask your doctor or nurse”.5

In STD Testing: What’s Right for You? the (United States) Mayo Clinic also caution:

“Don’t assume that you’re receiving STI testing every time you have a pelvic exam or Pap test. If you think that you need STI testing, talk to your health care provider. Tell your provider about your concerns and what tests you would like or need”.6

HIV

Does a Pap test screen for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

No. In HIV and AIDS: Diagnosis the NHS note:

“The only way to find out if you have HIV is to have an HIV test, as symptoms of HIV may not appear for many years. Anyone who thinks they could have HIV should get tested”.7

Early Detection

Is there an association between the early detection of cervical cancer and regular Pap tests.

In Cervical Cancer the ACS explain:

“Cervical cancer can often be found early, and sometimes even prevented entirely, by having regular Pap tests. If detected early, cervical cancer is one of the most successfully treatable cancers”.8

Not Screened

Is there an association between cervical cancer and not having regular Pap Tests?

In Cervical Cancer: Cervical Cancer Early Detection and Prevention – The American Cancer Society Guidelines for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer: Importance of Being Screened for Cervical Cancer the ACS note:

“Despite the benefits of cervical cancer screening, not all American women get screened. Most cervical cancers are found in women who have never had a Pap test or who have not had one recently. Women without health insurance and women who have recently immigrated are less likely to have cervical cancer screening”.9

Start. Frequency. Stop

Can when to start, the frequency and when to stop Pap tests, vary?

Yes. Depending on You (DoY), DotS and/or Depending on Your Country’s (DoYC’s) cervical cancer screening program, when to start, stop and the frequency of Pap tests can vary. It may therefore be in your best interest to choose to check what’s-what for you in your Country.

 

Pap Test

Screening Program

Where may women find information about cervical cancer screening or early detection programs?

Women may find information about cervical cancer screening or early detection programs from their health care provider or their country’s equivalent of a local community health center or a national and/or state Department/Center/Institute of Aging/Cancer/Disease Control and Prevention/Health/Human Services.

Your country may have a program similar to Australia’s, the United Kingdom’s or the United States’ cervical cancer screening or early detection programs.

Screening Program Example

What is the United States’ cervical cancer screening program?

In National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP): Find A Screening Program Near You the CDC explain:

“CDC’s National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) provides breast and cervical cancer screenings and diagnostic services to women who have low incomes and are uninsured or underinsured”.10

Health Care Provider

When may women stop having regular Pap tests?

DoY, DotS and/or DoYC’s cervical cancer screening program, when women may stop regular Pap tests can vary. It may therefore be in your best interest to choose to check what’s-what for you.

In Pap Smear: Who Can Consider Stopping Pap Smears? the (United States) Mayo Clinic note:

“Discuss your options with your doctor and together you can decide what’s best for you based on your risk factors. If you’re sexually active with multiple partners, your doctor may recommend continuing Pap testing”.11

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Pap Tests?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Pap Tests?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 4 Ways To Reduce Cervical Cancer
  2. About HPV and Cervical Cancer
  3. About Ovarian Cancer: Five Facts of Ovarian Cancer
  4. Atypical Cells: Are They Cancer?
  5. Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening
  6. Cervical Cancer
  7. Cervical Cancer
  8. Cervical Cancer
  9. Cervical Cancer
  10. Cervical Cancer
  11. Cervical Cancer
  12. Cervical Cancer
  13. Cervical Cancer Awareness
  14. Cervical Cancer Awareness: Screening Tests
  15. Cervical Cancer Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention
  16. Cervical Cancer FAQs
  17. Cervical Cancer Overview
  18. Cervical Cancer Prevention Week [22 – 28 Jan 2024, United Kingdom]
  19. Cervical Cancer Risks and Causes
  20. Cervical Cancer Screening
  21. Cervical Cancer Screening (PDQ)–Patient Version [+ Images]
  22. Cervical Cancer Screening (PDQ)–Patient Version: What Is Screening? [+ Images]
  23. Cervical Cancer Screening – Multiply Languages
  24. Cervical Cancer Screening: Pap and HPV Tests
  25. Cervical Cancer Screening—An Interactive Journey
  26. Cervical Cancer Symptoms
  27. Cervical Cancer Treatment (PDQ)–Patient Version
  28. Cervical Cancer [+ Video Courtesy Mayo Clinic]
  29. Cervical Cancer – Multiply Languages
  30. Cervical Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention – Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented?
  31. Cervical Cancer: Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention – What Are the Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer?
  32. Cervical Cancer: Cervical Cancer Basics
  33. Cervical Cancer: Cervical Cancer Prevention and Early Detection
  34. Cervical Cancer: Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging
  35. Cervical Cancer: Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging – Screening Tests for Cervical Cancer: The HPV Test
  36. Cervical Cancer: Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging – Screening Tests for Cervical Cancer: The Pap (Papanicolaou) Test
  37. Cervical Cancer: Prevention of Cervical Cancer: The Cervical Cancer Vaccine – Do You Still Need To Have Pap Smear Tests If You Have Had the Vaccine?
  38. Cervical Cancer: Reducing Risk for Cervical Cancer
  39. Cervical Cancer: Risk Factors
  40. Cervical Cancer: Risks and Causes
  41. Cervical Cancer: Screening
  42. Cervical Cancer: Screening for Cervical Cancer
  43. Cervical Cancer: Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
  44. Cervical Cancer: Treatment of Cervical Cancer
  45. Cervical Cancer: What Are the Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer? Lack of Regular Cervical Screening Tests
  46. Cervical Cancer–Patient Version
  47. Cervical Health Awareness Month [January, United States]
  48. Cervical Screening
  49. Cervical Screening (Smear Test)
  50. Cervical Screening Awareness Week [17-23 June 2024, United Kingdom]
  51. Cervical Screening for Trans Men and/or Non-Binary People
  52. Cervical Screening: Programme Overview [United Kingdom]
  53. Cervical Screening: Smear Test
  54. Cervical Screening: What Is Cervical Screening? How Cervical Screening Is Done [Video]
  55. Cervical Screening: Why It’s Important
  56. Colposcopy
  57. Colposcopy
  58. Do You Know the Difference Between A Pap Test and A Pelvic Exam?
  59. Eve Appeal
  60. FAQs: Cervical Cancer
  61. FAQs: Cervical Cancer Screening
  62. Facts and Tips for Cervical Screening [+ Tips for A Cervical Screening Appointment]
  63. Gynecologic Cancers
  64. Gynaecological Cancers
  65. HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
  66. HPV Awareness Day [+ Video]
  67. HPV Infection: How Does It Cause Cervical Cancer?
  68. HPV Vaccine: Who Needs It, How It Works
  69. HPV Vaccines
  70. HPV and Cancer
  71. HPV and Pap Testing
  72. HPV and Pap Testing: Do Women Who Have Been Vaccinated Against HPV Still Need To Be Screened for Cervical Cancer?
  73. HPV and Pap Testing: How Is Cervical Cancer Screening Done?
  74. HPV and Pap Testing: What Is Cervical Cancer Screening?
  75. HPV and Pap Testing: When Should A Woman Begin Cervical Cancer Screening, and How Often Should She Be Screened
  76. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
  77. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer
  78. Human Papillomavirus (HPV): About HPV
  79. Hysterectomy: I’ve Had A Hysterectomy. Do I Still Need To Have Pap Tests?
  80. International HPV Awareness Day 04 Mar 2023 [+ One Less Worry Video]
  81. Is It Time for Your Screen Test? [+ Video]
  82. Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust [United Kingdom]
  83. Let’s Talk About…Smear Tests When You Have Endometriosis
  84. Mayo Clinic Minute: Cervical Cancer Screening [+ Video]
  85. Mayo Clinic Minute: Why Black Women Need To Be Screened for Cervical Cancer [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  86. National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) [United States]
  87. National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) [United States]: Find A Screening Program Near You
  88. National Cervical Cancer Coalition [United States]
  89. National Cervical Screening Program [Australia]
  90. Pap Smear
  91. Pap Smear: Do I Need One If I’m A Virgin?
  92. Prevent Cervical Cancer
  93. Resources To Share: Videos – Under the Paper Gown Comedy Web Series
  94. The Pap (Papanicolaou) Test
  95. What Happens During A Cervical Screening Test [23 June 2024]
  96. World Ovarian Cancer Day May 8, 2024
  97. Your Guide To Cervical Screening [18 June 2024]

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Cervical Cancer Screening: What Is Cervical Cancer Screening? Updated: 17 May 2024. National Cancer Institute https://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/cervical/Patient/page3 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  2. Cervical Cancer Screening: What Is Cervical Cancer Screening? Updated: 17 May 2024. National Cancer Institute https://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/cervical/Patient/page3 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  3. Ovarian Cancer: Screening for Ovarian Cancer – What To Know. 23 February 2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/ovarian-cancer/screening/ Accessed: 12 June 2024
  4. Uterine Cancer: Screening for Uterine Cancer – What To Know. 14 December 2023. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/uterine-cancer/screening/ Accessed: 12 June 2024
  5. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Does A Pap Test Screen for STIs? Page Last Updated: 29 December 2022. Office on Women’s Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Womenshealth.gov https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/sexually-transmitted-infections Accessed: 12 June 2024
  6. STD Testing: What’s Right for You? 14 April 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds/in-depth/std-testing/art-20046019 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  7. HIV and AIDS: Diagnosis. Page Last Reviewed: 22 April 2021. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/diagnosis/ Accessed: 12 June 2024
  8. Cervical Cancer. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervicalcancer/index Accessed: 12 June 2024
  9. Cervical Cancer: Cervical Cancer Early Detection and Prevention – The American Cancer Society Guidelines for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer: Importance of Being Screened for Cervical Cancer. Last Revised: 22 April 2021. American Cancer Society https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines.html Accessed: 12 June 2024
  10. National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP): Find A Screening Program Near You. 10 January 2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/breast-cervical-cancer-screening/about/screenings.html Accessed: 12 June 2024
  11.  Pap Smear: Who Can Consider Stopping Pap Smears? 18 June 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/about/pac-20394841 Accessed: 12 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 24 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 12 June 2024

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Bowel Incontinence Pattern

“Make a list of what you eat for a few days.
You may discover a connection between certain foods
and your bouts of incontinence”.1

Umbrella

What may the Bowel Incontinence Pattern Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Accidental Bowel Leakage (ABL)
  • Anal Incontinence
  • Bowel Continence
  • Bowel Control Problems
  • Bowel Incontinence
  • Constipation
  • Faecal/Fecal Incontinence (FI)
  • Incontinence (Fecal/Bowel)
  • Poor Bowel Control

Bowel Incontinence

Is there an association between certain foods and bowel incontinence?

In Dietary Tips the International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders explain:

“Certain foods are known to stimulate gut reactions in general, and in those with bowel incontinence, or accidental bowel leakage (ABL), eating too much of these might provoke unwanted reactions.

For example, meals that are too large or high in fat, fried foods, coffee, caffeine, or alcohol may provoke symptoms of abdominal cramps and diarrhea”.2

Foods and Drinks

What are common foods and drinks linked to bowel incontinence?

In Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes – Keeping Track of What You Eat the (United States) Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

Bowel Incontinence Pattern“Foods can cause diarrhea or gas and worsen fecal incontinence. Common culprits include spicy foods, fatty and greasy foods, and dairy products. Caffeine-containing beverages and alcohol also can act as laxatives. Other foods that have a laxative effect include sugar-free gum and diet soda, which contain artificial sweeteners”.3

Look for A Pattern

How can I Look for A Pattern with bowel incontinence? Bowel Incontinence Pattern

In Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes the Mayo Clinic note:

“You may be able to gain better control of your bowel movements by:

  • Keeping track of what you eat. What you eat and drink affects the consistency of your stools. Make a list of what you eat for a few days. You may discover a connection between certain foods and your bouts of incontinence. Once you’ve identified problem foods, stop eating them and see if your incontinence improves”.4

In Fecal (Bowel Incontinence): Management and Treatment – How Is Fecal Incontinence Treated or Managed? Dietary Changes the (United States) Cleveland Clinic elaborate on:

“You can change what you eat and drink to manage incontinence related to diarrhea or constipation. It’s a good idea to track what you consume daily, noting what foods or drinks make you less likely to have healthy bowel movements. Then, do everything you can to avoid them.

For diarrhea, avoid foods that can loosen your stools or make you have to go, including:

  • Caffeine, alcohol, some fruit juices and prunes
  • Beans and cabbage family vegetables
  • Spicy foods and cured or smoked meats
  • Artificial sweeteners
  • Dairy products”.5

Diary

Where may I find a diary?

The website of the (United States) National Continence Foundation includes Incontinence Diaries: Using A Bladder Diary or Bowel Diary.

Health Care Provider

What if I would like help to look for a pattern with bowel incontinence?

In Fecal (Bowel Incontinence): Living With – A Note From Cleveland Clinic the Cleveland Clinic encourage us to seek help, explaining:

“From the time we were little, many of us learned it was bad manners to talk about poop or bathroom visits. Many people carry this mindset into adulthood — and feel ashamed of issues like incontinence. But the truth is, pooping is a normal part of your (and everyone else’s) health. And sometimes, maintaining good health requires discussing what’s going wrong with your provider. Don’t be ashamed to discuss your symptoms with your healthcare provider. They can recommend treatments and strategies that can help you regain better control over your bowel movements”.6

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Bowel Incontinence Pattern?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Bowel Incontinence Pattern?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 147-Personal Daily Diary (IBS)
  2. Diet and Exercise
  3. Dietary Tips
  4. Fecal (Bowel Incontinence)
  5. Fecal Incontinence
  6. Fecal Incontinence
  7. Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes – Keeping Track of What You Eat
  8. Incontinence Diaries: Using A Bladder Diary or Bowel Diary
  9. Talking To Your Doctor About Incontinence

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes. 03 November 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  2. Incontinence Treatment: Dietary Tips. International Foundation of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders https://www.aboutincontinence.org/site/treatment/dietary-tips Accessed: 12 June 2024
  3. Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes – Keeping Track of What You Eat. 03 November 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  4. Fecal Incontinence: Diagnosis & Treatment – Lifestyle and Home Remedies: Dietary Changes. 03 November 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fecal-incontinence/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351403 Accessed: 12 June 2024
  5. Fecal (Bowel Incontinence): Management and Treatment – How Is Fecal Incontinence Treated or Managed? Dietary Changes. Last Reviewed: 10 October 2023. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence Accessed: 12 June 2024
  6. Fecal (Bowel Incontinence): Living With – A Note from Cleveland Clinic. Last Reviewed: 10 October 2023. Cleveland Clinic https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14574-fecal-bowel-incontinence Accessed: 12 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 12 June 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 12 June 2024

/by

Male Menopause

“The term “male menopause” has been used to describe decreasing testosterone levels related to aging. But aging-related hormone changes in women and men are…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Male Menopause Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Adrenopause
  • Age-Related Low Testosterone
  • Androgen Deficiency of the Aging Male
  • Andropause
  • Hypogonadism
  • Late-Onset Hypogonadism
  • Male Climacteric
  • Male Menopause
  • Male Reproductive Changes
  • Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome
  • Viropause

Andropause

What is andropause?

DotS the definition of androgynous may vary. The (United States) Endocrine Society’s definition is:

“Andropause is a biological change characterized by a gradual decline in androgens experienced by men during and after their mid-life. Andropause is sometimes inaccurately described as male menopause”.2

Female Menopause

Is the female menopause the same as the male menopause?Male Menopause

In Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System: Introduction the (United States) MedlinePlus explain:

“Unlike women, men do not experience a major, rapid (over several months) change in fertility as they age (like menopause). Instead, changes occur gradually during a process that some people call andropause”.3

Male Menopause

Is there such a thing as a ‘male menopause’?Male Menopause

In The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? the (United Kingdom) NHS elaborate on:

“The “male menopause” (sometimes called the andropause) is an unhelpful term sometimes used in the media.

This label is misleading because it suggests the symptoms are the result of a sudden drop in testosterone in middle age, similar to what occurs in the female menopause. This is not true”.4

The (United States) Mayo Clinic also note:

“The term “male menopause” has been used to describe decreasing testosterone levels related to aging. But aging-related hormone changes in women and men are different.

In women, ovulation ends and hormone production plummets during a relatively short period of time. This is known as menopause. In men, production of testosterone and other hormones declines over a period of many years and the consequences aren’t necessarily clear. This gradual decline of testosterone levels is called late-onset hypogonadism or age-related low testosterone”.5

Male Reproductive System

What and where do aging changes in the male reproductive system occur?

In Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System MedlinePlus explain:

“Aging changes in the male reproductive system may include changes in testicular tissue, sperm production, and erectile function. These changes usually occur gradually”.6

In Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System: Information MedlinePlus also note:

“Aging changes in the male reproductive system occur primarily in the testes. Testicular tissue mass decreases. The level of the male sex hormone, testosterone decreases gradually. There may be problems getting an erection. This is a general slowing, instead of a complete lack of function”.7

Testosterone

Is there an association between testosterone and aging?

In The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? the NHS note:

“Although testosterone levels fall as men age, the decline is steady at about 1% a year from around the age of 30 to 40, and this is unlikely to cause any problems in itself”.8

In Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Recognizing Low Testosterone Levels, dated 25 December 2023, the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“A man’s testosterone levels decline on average about 1% a year after 40. But most older men still have testosterone levels within the normal range, with only an estimated 10% to 25% having levels considered to be low”.9

Testosterone Deficiency

What is a testosterone deficiency?

In The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? the NHS explain:

“A testosterone deficiency that develops later in life, also known as late-onset hypogonadism, can sometimes be responsible for these symptoms, but in many cases the symptoms are nothing to do with hormones”.10

Cause

What may be responsible for symptoms in men at this time?

In The ‘Male Menopause’: Personal or Lifestyle Issues the NHS elaborate on:

“Lifestyle factors or psychological problems can also be responsible for many of these symptoms.

For example, erectile dysfunction, loss of libido and mood swings may be the result of:

  • Stress
  • Depression
  • Anxiety

There are also physical causes of erectile dysfunction, such as smoking or heart problems, which may happen alongside any psychological cause”.11

Testosterone Replacement Therapy

Is aging-related low testosterone treated with testosterone replacement therapy?

In Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Treatment the Mayo Clinic elaborate on:

“If you choose to start testosterone therapy, your healthcare professional will explain the different ways testosterone can be administered, target levels and follow-up testing.

For some men, testosterone therapy relieves bothersome signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency. For others, the benefits aren’t clear, and there are possible risk”.12

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have male menopause?

If you think you have male menopause, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Treatment the Mayo Clinic note:

“If you think you might have low testosterone, talk to your healthcare team about your signs and symptoms, testing, and possible treatment options. They can help you weigh the pros and cons of treatment”.13

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Male Menopause?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Male Menopause?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. Addressing Andropause: Challenges and Strategies for Healthy Aging In Men
  2. Addressing Midlife Sexuality: From “Couplepause” to “Doublepause”
  3. Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System
  4. Andropause: Exploring the Male Menopause [+ Video]
  5. Consumer Health: What Does Male Menopause Mean?
  6. Could You Have Low Testosterone?
  7. Depression
  8. Dietary Supplements for Erectile Dysfunction: A Natural Treatment for ED?
  9. Erectile Dysfunction [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  10. Erectile Dysfunction and Diabetes Take Control Today
  11. Erectile Dysfunction: Viagra and Other Oral Medications
  12. Erection Problems
  13. European Menopause and Andropause Society
  14. Find Information About A Drug
  15. Hormones and Erectile Dysfunction: What You Need To Know
  16. International Men’s Health Week
    Men’s Health Week 2024
  17. Is Andropause the Same As ‘Male Menopause,’ and Should Men Worry?
  18. Is Loss of Sex Drive Normal As Men Get Older?
  19. Issm.info: Sexual Health Topics [International Society for Sexual Medicine]
  20. Let’s Talk Low Libido
  21. Low Sex Drive (Loss of Libido)
  22. Low Testosterone Treatments: What You Need To Know
  23. Male Hypogonadism
  24. ‘Male Menopause’ Is Real and Treatable, Say Pharmacy Researchers
  25. Male Menopause: Myth or Reality?
  26. Mayo Clinic Minute: How Low Testosterone Can Affect Men’s Health [+ Video]
  27. Mayo Clinic Minute: Prescribing Nature for Mental, Physical Health [+ Video Courtesy: Mayo Clinic News Network]
  28. Mayo Clinic Q and A: Male Menopause — Myth or Reality?
  29. Men and Mental Health
  30. Men: Take Charge of Your Health
  31. Menopause
  32. Menopause vs. Manopause – Are They Equivalent? [+ Podcast]
  33. Men’s Health
  34. Men’s Health: In-Depth [Topics]
  35. Mental Health
  36. Mental Health: Coping With Stress
  37. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Herbs At A Glance
  38. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: How Safe Is This Product or Practice?
  39. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact
  40. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Tips on Complementary Health Practices
  41. Relate.org.uk [Relate The Relationship People]
  42. Seduction Secrets: Do Aphrodisiacs Boost Desire?
  43. Sildenafil [Viagra]
  44. Sleep, Food, Exercise, Stress: Why Working on One of These Can Improve the Others
  45. Stress
  46. Telehealth Sites Promise Cure for ‘Male Menopause’ Despite FDA Ban on Off-Label Ads
  47. Testosterone
  48. Testosterone Therapy: Potential Benefits and Risks As You Age
  49. The ‘Male Menopause’
  50. The ‘Male Menopause’—What You Need To Know
  51. The Truth About Testosterone Treatments
  52. Top Tips To Improve Your Mental Wellbeing
  53. U.S. Food & Drug Administration [United States]
  54. What Are the Risks of Testosterone Therapy?
  55. What Are the Symptoms of Male Menopause?
  56. What Can (and Can’t) Cause Low Testosterone
  57. What Is Male Menopause?
  58. What Is Menopause? [+ Video]

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources quoted at:

Sources

  1. Male Menopause: Myth or Reality? Debunking the Male Menopause Myth. 24 May 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/mens-health/in-depth/male-menopause/art-20048056 Accessed: 11 June 2024
  2. Endocrinology Glossary: Andropause. Endocrine Society https://www.endocrine.org/news-and-advocacy/news-room/glossary Accessed: 11 June 2024
  3. Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System: Information. Review Date: 21 July 2022. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004017.htm Accessed: 11 June 2024
  4. The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? Page Last Reviewed: 13 October 2022. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/male-menopause/#is-there-such-a-thing-as-a-male-menopause Accessed: 11 June 2024
  5. Male Menopause: Myth or Reality? Debunking the Male Menopause Myth. 24 May 2022. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/mens-health/in-depth/male-menopause/art-20048056 Accessed: 11 June 2024
  6. Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System. Review Date: 21 July 2022. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004017.htm Accessed: 11 June 2024
  7. Aging Changes In the Male Reproductive System: Information. Review Date: 21 July 2022. MedlinePlus https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/004017.htm Accessed: 11 June 2024
  8. The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? Page Last Reviewed: 13 October 2022. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/male-menopause/#is-there-such-a-thing-as-a-male-menopause Accessed: 11 June 2024
  9. Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Recognizing Low Testosterone Levels. 25 December 2023. Mayo Clinic https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/consumer-health-what-does-male-menopause-mean/ Accessed: 11 June 2024
  10. The ‘Male Menopause’: Personal or Lifestyle Issues. Page Last Reviewed: 13 October 2022. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/male-menopause/#is-there-such-a-thing-as-a-male-menopause Accessed: 11 June 2024
  11. The ‘Male Menopause’: Is There Such A Thing As A “Male Menopause”? Page Last Reviewed: 13 October 2022. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/male-menopause/#is-there-such-a-thing-as-a-male-menopause Accessed: 11 June 2024
  12. Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Treatment. 25 December 2023. Mayo Clinic https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/consumer-health-what-does-male-menopause-mean/ Accessed: 11 June 2024
  13. Consumer Health: What Does ‘Male Menopause’ Mean? Treatment. 25 December 2023. Mayo Clinic https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/consumer-health-what-does-male-menopause-mean/ Accessed: 11 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 27 August 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 11 June 2024

/by

Arthritis

“Arthritis treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function. You may need to try several different treatments, or combinations of treatments…”.1

Umbrella

What may the Arthritis Umbrella include?

Depending on the Source (DotS) this Umbrella may include:

  • Aches
  • Ankylosing Spondylitis
  • Arthritis
  • Fibromyalgia
  • Joint Diseases
  • Joint Pain
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Psoriasis
  • Rheumatic Conditions/Diseases
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis

Terminology

Can arthritis mean different things to different people?

In What Is Arthritis? Arthritis Australia explain:

“Arthritis is an umbrella term for more than 100 medical conditions that affect the musculoskeletal system, specifically joints where two or more bones meet”.2

Definition

What is arthritis?

DotS the definition of arthritis may vary. In Arthritis: Overview of Arthritis the (United States) National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases’ (NIAMS) definition is:

““Arthritis” literally means joint inflammation. Joints are places where two bones meet, such as your elbow or knee.

There are many different types of arthritis with different causes and treatments. In some types, other organs, such as your eyes, heart, or skin, can also be affected.

Common symptoms of arthritis include pain, redness, heat, and swelling in your joints”.3

Types

What are the 2 most common types of arthritis?

In Arthritis: Overview – Types of Arthritis the (United Kingdom) NHS elaborate on:

“Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the 2 most common types of arthritis”.4

Osteoarthritis

What is osteoarthritis (OA)?

DotS the definition of OA may vary. In Osteoarthritis: Overview of Osteoarthritis? the NIAMS’s definition is:

“Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease, in which the tissues in the joint break down over time. It is the most common type of arthritis and is more common in older people”.5

Rheumatoid Arthritis

What is rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

DotS the definition of RA may vary. In Rheumatoid Arthritis: Overview, Symptoms & Causes – Overview of Rheumatoid Arthritis the NIAMS’s definition is:

“Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic (long-lasting) autoimmune disease that mostly affects joints. RA occurs when the immune system, which normally helps protect the body from infection and disease, attacks its own tissues. The disease causes pain, swelling, stiffness, and loss of function in joints”.6

Symptom Differences

Are arthritis symptoms one-size-fits-all?

No. In Arthritis: Arthritis Basics – Symptoms and Diagnosis the (United States) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) explain:

“Symptoms vary by arthritis type but usually include joint pain and stiffness”.7

Cause

What causes arthritis?

In Arthritis: What Is Arthritis? the (United Kingdom) Versus Arthritis elaborate on:

“It may be difficult to say what has caused your arthritis. There are several factors that can increase the risk of each type of arthritis. It could be that the genes you inherited from your parents or grandparents made you more likely to get arthritis”.8

Menopause

Is there an association between menopause and OA?

On page three in Maintaining Health and Preventing Disease After the Menopause: Reducing the Risks of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis Post Menopause the International Menopause Society elaborate on:

“While osteoarthritis is more common in men than women before menopause, it is higher in women after menopause. The identification of women with a family history of arthritis or those who are beginning to have stiff joints and immobility at the start of menopause is important and may allow for interventions, such as physical therapy, weight loss, physical exercise and anti-inflammatory agents. There is some data suggesting that estrogen may have a role in improving or decreasing the risk of osteoarthritis”.9

Management

What can arthritis management include?

In Arthritis: Self Care for Arthritis – Arthritis: Five Ways To Manage Your Symptoms – Things You Can Do Right Away the CDC elaborate on:

Arthritis

“Follow these five key steps to manage your arthritis:

  1. Learn the skills you need to manage arthritis…
  2. Be active…
  3. Keep a healthy weight…
  4. See your healthcare provider…
  5. Protect your joints…”.10

Treatment

How may arthritis be treated?

In Arthritis: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment the (United States) Mayo Clinic note:

“Arthritis treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and improving joint function. You may need to try several different treatments, or combinations of treatments, before you determine what works best for you”.11

Health Care Provider

What if I think I have arthritis?

If you think you have arthritis, it may be in your best interest to choose to talk to your health care provider about this.

In Arthritis Basics: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Steps to Take – How Is Arthritis Treated?. the NIAMS explain:

“There are many treatments that can help relieve pain and help you live with arthritis.
You should talk to your doctor about the best treatments for you, which can include:

  • Medications to relieve pain, slow the condition, and prevent further damage
  • Surgery to repair joint damage or relieve pain”.12

Health Topics A-Z

Where may I find Health Topics A-Z related to Arthritis?

In Health Topics A-Z you may find:

Health Topics A-Z

Links

Where may I find Links related to Arthritis?

Your Country may have Links similar to:

Links

This Links List to third party websites is neither comprehensive nor exhaustive. Inclusion on this Links List does not imply endorsement or recommendation. Non-inclusion on this Links List does not imply non-endorsement or non-recommendation. Third party websites are not under the control of Meno Martha International Menopause Directory. Third party websites may contain explicit medical images and/or sexual references. Please read Meno Martha International Menopause Directory’s Links Policy before proceeding to a Link. Please contact Webmaster if you experience a problem with a Link.

New or Updated

  1. 10 Steps for Living Well With Arthritis
  2. 10 Ways To Reduce Pain
  3. 16 Hand and Wrist Exercises To Help Ease Arthritis Pain
  4. 5 Types of Foods That Cause Inflammation
  5. 6 Foods To Eat for Healthy Joints
  6. 8 Osteoporosis Risk Factors and Causes Arthritis Patients Need To Know About
  7. 16 Hand and Wrist Exercises To Help Ease Arthritis Pain
  8. About Arthritis
  9. About Arthritis
  10. An Anti-Inflammatory Diet May Be Good for Your Joints
  11. Ankylosing Spondylitis
  12. Areas of the Body
  13. Arthritis
  14. Arthritis
  15. Arthritis
  16. Arthritis
  17. Arthritis
  18. Arthritis Diet
  19. Arthritis Exercise: What To Try and What To Avoid
  20. Arthritis Foundation [United States]
  21. Arthritis NZ Mateponapona Aotearoa
  22. Arthritis Pain: Do’s and Don’ts
  23. Arthritis and Rheumatic Diseases
  24. Arthritis – Multiply Languages
  25. Arthritis: About Physical Activity and Arthritis
  26. Arthritis: Arthritis Basics
  27. Arthritis: Arthritis Risk Factors
  28. Arthritis: Diagnosis & Treatment
  29. Arthritis: Fibromyalgia
  30. Arthritis: Gout
  31. Arthritis: Osteoarthritis
  32. Arthritis: Rheumatoid Arthritis
  33. Arthritis: Self-Care for Arthritis: 5 Ways To Manage Your Symptoms
  34. Arthritis: Should You Avoid Nightshade Vegetables?
  35. Arthritis: What Causes Arthritis?
  36. Arthritisaustralia.com.au [Arthritis Australia]
  37. Back Pain
  38. Back Pain, Your Spine and Father Time: 13 Ways To Treat Age-Related Back Pain
  39. Bones, Joints and Muscles [Topics]
  40. Common Aches and Pains
  41. Complementary and Alternative Treatments
  42. Conditions
  43. Does CBD Help With Arthritis Pain?
  44. Drug Used To Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis Could Prevent Disease Onset
  45. Drugs
  46. Ease-of-Use [Products]
  47. Exercise Helps Ease Arthritis Pain and Stiffness
  48. Exercises To Manage Pain
  49. Exercising With Knee or Hip Pain
  50. Foods To Ease Your Chronic Pain
  51. Get Help
  52. Gout
  53. Gout
  54. How To Cope With Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain
  55. How You Can Ease Your Aches and Pain With Meditation
  56. Information Sheets
  57. Information Sheets [Multiply Languages]
  58. Living With Arthritis
  59. Living With Arthritis
  60. Mayo Clinic Q and A: Strategies for Staying Active With Joint Pain
  61. Mayo Clinic Q and A: Turmeric for Healthy Diet, Pain Relief
  62. Menopause With A Rheumatic Disease
  63. NSAIDS [Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs]
  64. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: 7 Things To Know About Complementary Health Approaches for Osteoarthritis
  65. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Chronic Pain: What You Need To Know
  66. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Glucosamine and Chondroitin for Osteoarthritis: What You Need To Know
  67. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases: Health Topics
  68. Occupational Therapy
  69. Occupational Therapy for Arthritis
  70. Osteoarthritis
  71. Osteoarthritis
  72. Osteoarthritis
  73. Paget’s Disease of Bone [+ Video]
  74. Pain In the Back: Preventing and Treating Spinal Arthritis
  75. Physical Activity and Self-Management Education Programs for Arthritis
  76. Physical Therapy for Arthritis
  77. Physiotherapy
  78. Psoriatic Arthritis Patient Education & Resources
  79. Psoriasis
  80. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  81. Rheumatoid Arthritis
  82. Stretching and Strengthening Exercises To Relieve and Prevent Lower Back Pain
  83. Talking About Arthritis Pain
  84. Therapies
  85. Types of Arthritis
  86. Understanding Arthritis
  87. Updates on Exercise and Lifestyle Tips for Bone Strength With Joanne Fagerstrom, PT CFP
  88. Versusarthritis.org [Versus Arthritis, United Kingdom]
  89. What Is Arthritis?
  90. What Is Arthritis?
  91. What To Know About Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) and Menopause
  92. What Kind of Doctor Treats Arthritis?
  93. Why You Wake Up With Stiff Joints

Sources

Where may I find the Sources quoted?

You may find the Sources at:

Sources

  1. Arthritis: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 29 August 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350777 Accessed: 09 June 2024
  2. What Is Arthritis? Arthritis Australia https://arthritisaustralia.com.au/what-is-arthritis/ Accessed: 09 June 2024
  3. Arthritis: Overview of Arthritis. Last Reviewed: November 2022. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/arthritis Accessed: 09 June 2024
  4. Arthritis: Overview – Types of Arthritis. Page Last Reviewed: 08 September 2022. NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/arthritis/#types-of-arthritis Accessed: 09 June 2024
  5. Osteoarthritis: Overview, Symptoms & Causes – Overview of Osteoarthritis. Last Reviewed: September 2023. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoarthritis Accessed: 09 June 2024
  6. Rheumatoid Arthritis: Overview, Symptoms & Causes – Overview. Last Reviewed: November 2022. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/osteoarthritis Accessed: 09 June 2024
  7. Arthritis: Arthritis Basics – Symptoms and Diagnosis. March 2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/basics/index.html Accessed: 09 June 2024
  8. Arthritis: What Is Arthritis? Versus Arthritis https://www.versusarthritis.org/about-arthritis/conditions/arthritis/ Accessed: 09 June 2024
  9. Maintaining Health and Preventing Disease After the Menopause: Reducing the Risks of Osteoporosis and Osteoarthritis Post Menopause. 2014:3. International Menopause Society https://www.imsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/wmd-2014-leaflet-english.pdf Accessed: 09 June 2024
  10. Arthritis: Self Care for Arthritis – Arthritis: Five Ways To Manage Your Symptoms – Things You Can Do Right Away. 17 January 2024. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/caring/index.html Accessed: 09 June 2024
  11. Arthritis: Diagnosis & Treatment – Treatment. 29 August 2023. Mayo Clinic https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/arthritis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350777 Accessed: 09 June 2024
  12. Arthritis Basics: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Steps to Take – How Is Arthritis Treated? Last Reviewed: November 2022. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/arthritis/basics/diagnosis-treatment-and-steps-to-take Accessed: 09 June 2024
Topic Last Updated: 02 August 2024 – Topic Last Reviewed: 09 June 2024

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Pap Tests and I

Pap Tests and I

Even though I am young,
or I am a virgin,
or I have had the HPV vaccine,
I may still need regular Pap tests. Read more

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